Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to the extreme phenotypes of the selected high (H) and low (L) antibody-responder lines of mice were mapped on distinct chromosomes. Successive backcrosses were bred to reduce the length of the QTL-bearing segment detected on chromosome 8 and to produce congenic lines to test gene effect independently of the other QTLs. An increase in antibody responses was repeatedly found to be associated with inheritance of the H-line allele at two markers separated by 30 cM on that chromosome. In the successive backcrosses, background and unlinked involved genes of H-line origin were progressively eliminated; however, unexpected within-progeny variations persisted in the third and even fourth backcross. Nevertheless, the presence of two QTLs within the considered interval was definitely demonstrated in distinct progenies of the fourth backcross which separately inherited one of the two gene-marker H-line alleles. The previously identified chromosome 8 segment therefore contains at least two QTLs involved in antibody responsiveness.
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