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Proper names-expressions such as "Barack Obama" or "New York"-play a crucial role in the philosophical debate on reference, that is, the relation that allows words to stand for entities of the world. In an elicited production test, Devitt and Porot prompt participants to use proper names to compare the Descriptivist Theory and the Causal-Historical Theory on proper names' reference. According to the Descriptivist Theory, names refer to the entity that fulfills the description that speakers associate with them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Artif Intell
December 2024
College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
There has been a rapid rise in utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in many different sectors in the last several years. However, business-to-business (B2B) marketing is one of the more notable examples. The initial assessments emphasize the significant advantages of AI in B2B marketing, including its knack for yielding unique understandings into consumer behaviors, recognizing crucial market trends, and improving operational efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Emerg Med
December 2024
Department of Healthcare and Emergency care, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Salakuljettajantie 4, Kotka, 48100, Finland.
Background: Chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) incidents present rare and complex challenges for Emergency Medical Services (EMS), necessitating effective incident command to manage occupational and patient safety risks. EMS incident commanders must make quick decisions under pressure, coordinating medical responses and ensuring personnel's safety. This study examined the perceived competence requirements of Finnish EMS field supervisors in managing C and E incidents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Psychol (Amst)
February 2025
School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; LKC Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; National Institute of Education, Singapore; Centre for Research and Development in Learning, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Technological advances render the distinction between artificial (e.g., computer-generated faces) and real stimuli increasingly difficult, yet the factors driving our beliefs regarding the nature of ambiguous stimuli remain largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Clin Pharmacol
February 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Purpose: To explore how hospital interns and residents specialising in family medicine act on drug interaction alerts in a specific patient case, and on interaction alerts in general.
Methods: A 4-page questionnaire, including a fictional patient case (73-year-old woman; 10 drugs in the medication list triggering 11 drug interaction alerts) and questions regarding the use of interaction alerts in general, was distributed to interns and residents during educational sessions (November‒December 2023). The respondents were instructed to consider what actions they would take "a normal day at work" due to the risk of interactions between the patients' drugs.
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