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Subgroups of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia characterized by executive function and their morphological features: a latent profile analysis study.
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Background: The heterogeneity of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia has been widely observed. However, reliable cognitive boundaries to differentiate the subgroups remain elusive. The key challenge for cognitive subtyping is applying an integrated and standardized cognitive assessment and understanding the subgroup-specific neurobiological mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComplex rearrangements fuel ER and HER2 breast tumours.
Nature
January 2025
Stanford Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease whose prognosis and treatment as defined by the expression of three receptors-oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; encoded by ERBB2)-is insufficient to capture the full spectrum of clinical outcomes and therapeutic vulnerabilities. Previously, we demonstrated that transcriptional and genomic profiles define eleven integrative subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes, including four ER subtypes with increased risk of relapse decades after diagnosis. Here, to determine whether these subtypes reflect distinct evolutionary histories, interactions with the immune system and pathway dependencies, we established a meta-cohort of 1,828 breast tumours spanning pre-invasive, primary invasive and metastatic disease with whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructural basis for the conformational protection of nitrogenase from O.
Nature
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
The low reduction potentials required for the reduction of dinitrogen (N) render metal-based nitrogen-fixation catalysts vulnerable to irreversible damage by dioxygen (O). Such O sensitivity represents a major conundrum for the enzyme nitrogenase, as a large fraction of nitrogen-fixing organisms are either obligate aerobes or closely associated with O-respiring organisms to support the high energy demand of catalytic N reduction. To counter O damage to nitrogenase, diazotrophs use O scavengers, exploit compartmentalization or maintain high respiration rates to minimize intracellular O concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew insights in the low-temperature-dependent formation of amorphous titania-coated magnetic polydopamine nanocomposites for the adsorption of methylene blue.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Protection of Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guian, 550025, China.
Removal of accumulated dyes from the environment water bodies is essential to prevent further harm to humans. The development and design of new alternative nanoadsorbents that can conveniently, quickly, and efficiently improve the adsorption and removal efficiency of dyes from wastewater remains a huge challenge. An amorphous TiO with a magnetic core-shell-shell structure (FeO@PDA@a-TiO, denoted as FPaT) was constructed through a series of steps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAMPed up immunity: 418 whole genomes reveal intraspecific diversity of koala antimicrobial peptides.
Immunogenetics
January 2025
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Characterising functional diversity is a vital element to understanding a species' immune function, yet many immunogenetic studies in non-model organisms tend to focus on only one or two gene families such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or toll-like receptors (TLR). Another interesting component of the eukaryotic innate immune system is the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The two major groups of mammalian AMPs are cathelicidins and defensins, with the former having undergone species-specific expansions in marsupials.
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