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Causal Associations Between Immune Cell Phenotypes and Varicose Veins: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.
Ann Vasc Surg
January 2025
The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China. Electronic address:
Background: Varicose veins (VVs) are a common chronic venous disorder with a complex pathophysiology involving immune dysregulation, inflammation, and genetic predisposition. This study aims to identify immune-related causal factors in the pathogenesis of VVs using Mendelian randomization (MR).
Methods: A two-sample MR analysis was conducted to assess the causal relationships between immune cell phenotypes and VVs.
HIV immune evasin Nef enhances allogeneic CAR T cell potency.
Nature
January 2025
Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are a genetically engineered therapy that is highly effective against B cell malignancies and multiple myeloma. However, the length and cost of personalized manufacturing limits access and leaves patients vulnerable to disease progression. Allogeneic cell therapies have the potential to increase patient access and improve treatment outcomes but are limited by immune rejection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFanalysis of the effect of HCV genotype-specific polymorphisms in Core, NS3, NS5A, and NS5B proteins on T-cell epitope processing and presentation.
Front Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Background: HCV genotypes are 30-35% polymorphic at the nucleotide level, while subtypes within the same genotype differ by nearly 20%. Although previous studies have shown the immune escape potential of several mutations within the HCV proteins, little is known about the effect of genotype/subtype-specific gene polymorphism on T-cell immunity. Therefore, this study employed several methods to examine the impact of genotype/subtype-specific polymorphisms in Core, NS3, NS5A, and NS5B sequences on T cell epitope processing and HLA-epitope interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle cell profiling of circulating autoreactive CD4 T cells from patients with autoimmune liver diseases suggests tissue imprinting.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, Nantes, France.
Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) involve dysregulated CD4 T cell responses against liver self-antigens, but how these autoreactive T cells relate to liver tissue pathology remains unclear. Here we perform single-cell transcriptomic and T cell receptor analyses of circulating, self-antigen-specific CD4 T cells from patients with AILD and identify a subset of liver-autoreactive CD4 T cells with a distinct B-helper transcriptional profile characterized by PD-1, TIGIT and HLA-DR expression. These cells share clonal relationships with expanded intrahepatic T cells and exhibit transcriptional signatures overlapping with tissue-resident T cells in chronically inflamed environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArginase-1-specific T cells target and modulate tumor-associated macrophages.
J Immunother Cancer
January 2025
National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
Background: Arginase-1 (Arg1) expressing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may create an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which is a significant challenge for cancer immunotherapy. We previously reported the existence of Arg1-specific memory T cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and described that Arg-1-based immune modulatory vaccines (IMVs) control tumor growth and alter the M1/M2 macrophage ratio in murine models of cancer. In the present study, we investigated how Arg1-specific T cells can directly target TAMs and influence their polarization.
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