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Although lithium (LIT) therapy is key in managing bipolar disorder long-term, prolonged use significantly contributes to acquired Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (NDI). This study examined whether combining Silymarin (SIL) with Vitamin C (Vit C) enhances protection against lithium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, comparing their individual antioxidant effects as well. Rats subjected to Li exposure were provided with a standard commercial diet supplemented with 80 mmol LiCl per kilogram for 28 days.

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Progress in investigating pituitary stalk lesions: A review.

Medicine (Baltimore)

January 2025

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China.

Pituitary stalk lesions are uncommon and are typically identified through pituitary magnetic resonance imaging and screening for causes of diabetes insipidus. Recent literature indicates that pituitary stalk lesions primarily manifest as pituitary stalk interruption syndrome and thickening of the pituitary stalk. The etiology of these lesions is complex and can be divided into major categories: congenital disorders, inflammatory or infectious diseases, and tumors.

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Background: Primary pituitary abscess is a rare disease with no specific symptoms for pituitary abscess alone. A preoperative diagnosis is quite challenging due to unclear imaging findings.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a patient with a pituitary lesion who presented with hypopituitarism, diabetes insipidus, and visual field defect and was misdiagnosed as a possible cystic pituitary adenoma.

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Autoimmune Tubulopathies.

J Am Soc Nephrol

January 2025

Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France.

The renal tubule and collecting duct express a large number of proteins, all having putative immunoreactive motives. Therefore, all can be the target of pathogenic autoantibodies. However, autoimmune tubulopathies seem to be rare and we hypothesize that they are underdiagnosed.

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Familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus is a rare genetic disease caused by gene variants and is characterized by progressive polyuria and polydipsia in early childhood. Herein, we have reported the clinical symptoms and genetic test results of a Japanese patient with a family history of polyuria and polydipsia for over five generations. The proband was a 6-yr-old boy who was referred for the evaluation of polyuria and polydipsia.

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