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Plasma phosphorylated tau217 strongly associates with memory deficits in the Alzheimer's disease spectrum.
Brain
January 2025
Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute, H3A 2B4, Montreal, Canada.
Plasma phosphorylated tau biomarkers open unprecedented opportunities for identifying carriers of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology in early disease stages using minimally invasive techniques. Plasma p-tau biomarkers are believed to reflect tau phosphorylation and secretion. However, it remains unclear to what extent the magnitude of plasma p-tau abnormalities reflects neuronal network disturbance in the form of cognitive impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep immunophenotyping of circulating immune cells in major depressive disorder patients reveals immune correlates of clinical course and treatment response.
Brain Behav Immun Health
February 2025
Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100, Novara, Italy.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a widespread psychiatric condition impacting social and occupational functioning, making it a leading cause of disability. The diagnosis of MDD remains clinical, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5 criteria, as biomarkers have not yet been validated for diagnostic purposes or as predictors of treatment response. Traditional treatment strategies often follow a one-size-fits-all approach obtaining suboptimal outcomes for many patients who fail to experience response or recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of HAM-D Scores on Cognitive Functions and Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.
Niger Med J
January 2025
Department of Physiology, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, India.
Background: Previous research has shown that Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is accompanied by severe impairments in cognitive and autonomic processes, which may linger even when mood symptoms recover. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between depression severity, as measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and how it affects heart rate variability (HRV) and cognitive function in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).
Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted at RUHS College of Medical Sciences and Associated Hospitals, Jaipur, from July 2022 to January 2023 on 90 subjects having major depressive disorder (MDD) of either sex in the 20-40 age group using the Hamilton score for depression (HAM D), Heart Rate Variability (HRV) measurements, and a battery of cognitive tests.
The hippocampus forms memories of our experiences by registering processed sensory information in coactive populations of excitatory principal cells or ensembles. Fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons (PV INs) in the dentate gyrus (DG)-CA3/CA2 circuit contribute to memory encoding by exerting precise temporal control of excitatory principal cell activity through mossy fiber-dependent feed-forward inhibition. PV INs respond to input-specific information by coordinating changes in their intrinsic excitability, input-output synaptic-connectivity, synaptic-physiology and synaptic-plasticity, referred to here as experience-dependent PV IN plasticity, to influence hippocampal functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive control in individuals with heroin use disorder after prolonged methadone maintenance treatment.
BMC Psychiatry
January 2025
School of Mental Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, China.
Background: Although impaired cognitive control is common during the acute detoxification phase of substance use disorders (SUD) and is considered a major cause of relapse, it remains unclear after prolonged methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The aim of the present study was to elucidate cognitive control in individuals with heroin use disorder (HUD) after prolonged MMT and its association with previous relapse.
Methods: A total of 63 HUD subjects (41 subjects with previous relapse and 22 non-relapse subjects, mean MMT duration: 12.
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