[The current status of the drug abuse problem in Russia].

The statistic data evidence for rapid increase of the number of narcomanias, especially in juveniles and young people nowadays in Russia. The spectrum of psychoactive preparations used became also wider. On the basis of medico-biological studies the conception concerning main pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of psychoactive substances dependence was formulated. Enzyme immuno assays either for diagnosis of long-term opiate administration or for determination of blood serum methadone level were elaborated. Clinical studies demonstrated pathomorphism of the symptoms of dependence upon well-known narcotics. Clinical pattern of dependence upon new psychoactive preparations which cause dependence syndrome was also investigated. New differentiated methods of treatment of various types of narcomanias are proposed. There is underlined that a comprehensive program of narcomanias prophylaxis in Russia is needed.