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ChromTR: chromosome detection in raw metaphase cell images via deformable transformers.
Front Med
December 2024
Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Chromosome karyotyping is a critical way to diagnose various hematological malignancies and genetic diseases, of which chromosome detection in raw metaphase cell images is the most critical and challenging step. In this work, focusing on the joint optimization of chromosome localization and classification, we propose ChromTR to accurately detect and classify 24 classes of chromosomes in raw metaphase cell images. ChromTR incorporates semantic feature learning and class distribution learning into a unified DETR-based detection framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntramammary Labeling of Epithelial Cell Division.
J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia
October 2024
Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616-8521, USA.
Thymidine analogs such as ethynyl deoxyuridine (EdU) or bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) can be used to label mitosis of mammary epithelial cells (MEC) and to quantify their proliferation. However, labeling cells in larger animals requires considerable amounts of chemical that can be costly and hazardous. We developed a strategy to infuse EdU into the mammary glands of ewes to directly label mitotic MEC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role of CDCA2 in tumor genesis, prognosis and future treatments.
Eur J Cancer
November 2024
Department of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
The Cell Division Cycle Associated 2 (CDCA2) gene is responsible for encoding a targeting subunit of cell-cycle associated protein. CDCA2 plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including chromosome segregation and decondensation, nuclear envelope reassembly, microtubule assembly, and DNA damage response. Additionally, CDCA2 is involved in multiple signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt pathway and p53 pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTERT mutations and aggressive histopathologic characteristics of radioiodine-refractory papillary thyroid cancer.
J Pathol Transl Med
November 2024
Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital and Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Article Synopsis
- Radioiodine ablation is a common and effective treatment for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), but some tumors become resistant, leading to poor outcomes and aggressive behavior.
- This study compared genetic mutations (specifically BRAF V600E and TERT-promoter) and clinicopathological features between RI-refractory and RI-responsive PTC patients, analyzing tissue samples from both groups.
- Findings revealed that RI-refractory tumors displayed more aggressive characteristics, such as higher instances of necrosis and metastasis, and were significantly associated with TERT mutations, alongside reduced expression of key proteins involved in thyroid function and tumor growth.
Centrosome amplification primes ovarian cancer cells for apoptosis and potentiates the response to chemotherapy.
PLoS Biol
September 2024
Biology of centrosomes and genetic instability, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- Centrosome amplification happens in cancer cells and can make them more unstable and aggressive.
- Researchers found that this amplification helps cancer cells respond better to chemotherapy, resulting in increased cell death.
- The study shows that cancer cells with more centrosomes might be ready to die when treated with chemotherapy, leading to better survival for patients with high centrosome numbers.
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