The involvement of lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) neurons in the regulation of blood calcium homeostasis was investigated in unanesthetized rats. The microinjection of the gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide (BM, 4-40 ng x 0.5 microl(-1) x 5 min(-1)) into the LHA decreased the blood concentration of ionized calcium. Total serum calcium also decreased after the BM injection. This hypocalcemic effect was eliminated by a bilateral vagotomy of the gastric branches. An intravenous injection of atropine methyl bromide (a muscarinic antagonist), nadolol (a beta-adrenergic blocker), or ranitidine (a histamine H2 blocker) suppressed the BM-induced hypocalcemia, whereas phenoxybenzamine (an alpha-adrenergic blocker) proved to be ineffective. Although the intra-LHA injection of BM increased the serum gastrin, which is known to have a hypocalcemic effect, neither secretin nor somatostatin (gastrin-release inhibitors) blocked the hypocalcemic response. These results suggest that the hypocalcemia observed after the excitation of LHA neurons was mediated by muscarinic, beta-adrenergic, and histamine H2 receptors through the gastric vagus.
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