We report the inadvertent administration of activated charcoal in water into the right lung and pleural cavity of a 51-year-old man being treated for a salicylate overdose. A mild chemical pneumonitis developed, as did a sterile empyema. Charcoal-stained fluid drained through a thoracostomy tube for 8 weeks. The patient was discharged in good condition but died 4 days later after taking another overdose. Direct administration of charcoal into the lungs is best prevented by radiographic confirmation of the location of the tube. Charcoal in water may cause less severe pulmonary injury than charcoal in sorbitol.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(97)70090-8 | DOI Listing |
N Engl J Med
January 2025
From the TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (C.T.R., S.M.P., R.P.G., D.A.M., J.F.K., E.L.G., S.A.M., S.D.W., M.S.S.); Anthos Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA (B.H., S.P., D.B.); the Heart Rhythm Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Cardiovascular Center, Taipei, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); Taichung Veterans Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan (S.-A.C.); St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto (S.G.G.); Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (S.G.G.); the Division of Cardiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (B.J.); the Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Northern Pest-Military Hospital, Budapest, Hungary (R.G.K.); the Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (R.G.K.); the Internal Cardiology Department, St. Ann University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (J.S.); the Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland (W.W.); the Departments of Medicine and of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.W.); and the Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada (J.W.).
Background: Abelacimab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to the inactive form of factor XI and blocks its activation. The safety of abelacimab as compared with a direct oral anticoagulant in patients with atrial fibrillation is unknown.
Methods: Patients with atrial fibrillation and a moderate-to-high risk of stroke were randomly assigned, in a 1:1:1 ratio, to receive subcutaneous injection of abelacimab (150 mg or 90 mg once monthly) administered in a blinded fashion or oral rivaroxaban (20 mg once daily) administered in an open-label fashion.
Health Aff (Millwood)
January 2025
Eric Horvitz, Microsoft, Redmond, Washington.
The field of artificial intelligence (AI) has entered a new cycle of intense opportunity, fueled by advances in deep learning, including generative AI. Applications of recent advances affect many aspects of everyday life, yet nowhere is it more important to use this technology safely, effectively, and equitably than in health and health care. Here, as part of the National Academy of Medicine's Vital Directions for Health and Health Care: Priorities for 2025 initiative, which is designed to provide guidance on pressing health care issues for the incoming presidential administration, we describe the steps needed to achieve these goals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Aff (Millwood)
January 2025
J. Michael McGinnis, National Academy of Medicine.
In 2016, ahead of the US presidential election, the National Academy of Medicine launched the strategic initiative Vital Directions for Health and Health Care-a series of papers on critical areas of US health care written by the nation's experts and intended to provide nonpartisan guidance to the incoming administration. The National Academy of Medicine continued the initiative in 2021. The current series, titled Vital Directions for Health and Health Care: Priorities for 2025, contains six articles on priority areas in US health and medicine that demand urgent attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDatabase (Oxford)
January 2025
Rat Genome Database, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States.
The Rat Genome Database (RGD) is a multispecies knowledgebase which integrates genetic, multiomic, phenotypic, and disease data across 10 mammalian species. To support cross-species, multiomics studies and to enhance and expand on data manually extracted from the biomedical literature by the RGD team of expert curators, RGD imports and integrates data from multiple sources. These include major databases and a substantial number of domain-specific resources, as well as direct submissions by individual researchers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Pathog
January 2025
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America.
One approach for developing a more universal influenza vaccine is to elicit strong immune responses against canonically immunosubdominant epitopes in the surface exposed viral glycoproteins. While standard vaccines typically induce responses directed primarily against mutable epitopes in the hemagglutinin (HA) head domain, there are generally limited or variable responses directed against epitopes in the relatively more conserved HA stalk domain and neuraminidase (NA) proteins. Here we describe a vaccine approach that utilizes a combination of wildtype (WT) influenza virus particles along with virus particles engineered to display a trimerized HA stalk in place of the full-length HA protein to elicit both responses simultaneously.
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