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LGI1 encephalitis manifesting as a delayed paraneoplastic response of squamous cell lung cancer on remission.
Oxf Med Case Reports
December 2024
Department of Neurology, New Cross Hospital, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton Road, Heath Town, West Midlands, WV10 0QP, United Kingdom.
The leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) antibody-related autoimmune encephalitis can occur alone or in the setting of a malignancy and manifest with faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS), cognitive decline, hyponatremia, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The importance of differentiating this entity from acute delirium cannot be overemphasized. This review provides a detailed account of a 71-year-old man with previous diagnosis of lung cancer who presented with subacute onset behavioural changes, urinary retention, and FBDS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe limbic and extra-limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-65 antibodies: an observational study.
Neurol Sci
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510000, China.
We aimed to define the clinical features and outcomes of encephalitis associated with anti-GAD65 Abs. In addition, we reviewed cases published in the literature with GAD65 encephalitis. We retrospectively studied 482 consecutive patients attending a tertiary care center for evaluation of an autoimmune neurological disorder.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-Tr/DNER Antibody-associated Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome Presenting Limbic Encephalitis with Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report.
Intern Med
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan.
An 82-year-old man presented with acute progressive disturbance of consciousness. We suspected autoimmune limbic encephalitis because of abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings in the bilateral temporal lobes and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis. The patient tested positive for anti-Tr/Delta/Notch-like epidermal growth factor-related receptor (DNER) antibodies, and a tissue biopsy revealed complications of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnusual paraneoplastic neurological presentation associated with multiple myeloma.
BMJ Case Rep
December 2024
Internal Medicine - Hematology/Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Article Synopsis
- A man in his mid-40s faced a decline in vision and gait over six months, leading to the discovery of multiple myeloma as the underlying cause.
- Medical examinations revealed neurological issues consistent with upper motor neuron problems, while imaging confirmed damage to the corticospinal tract and optic nerve.
- The patient improved significantly after treatment for multiple myeloma, highlighting the potential for paraneoplastic neurological syndromes in blood cancers and the need for thorough evaluations in such cases.
In recent years, there has been an increasing number of studies on neurological symptoms induced as paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) or neurological immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Herein, we report a 68-year-old male patient with small-cell lung cancer who developed memory impairment and autonomic nervous system dysfunction after three courses of carboplatin, etoposide, and durvalumab therapy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed hyperintense areas restricted to the bilateral temporal lobes.
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