Comparative characteristics of some cultural and toxigenic properties of the Dendrodochium Bonorden and Myrothecium Tode ex Fr. representatives.

The comparative study of sporulation intensity, change of medium pH, yield of biomass and ethanol soluble fraction (ESF) of extracellular metabolites as well as antibiotic and toxigenic properties of 106 fungi strains which were the potential producers of macrocyclic trichothecenes has been carried out under the conditions of stationary cultivation. It was shown that all the studied Dendrodochium strains were characterized by moderate growth, variations of biomass were within 3.5-4.5 g/l. Variations of ESF level in different strains were rather essential (from 8 to 241.6 mg/l). High antibiotic activity correlated with high or moderate toxicity (on the basis of rabbit skin test) in most cases. Dendrodochium strains with intensive sporulation were as a rule characterized by high efficiency of toxin production (40% of studied strains) and only 3 strains (5.5%) with low level of sporulation were characterized by high rate of toxin production. The toxigenic activity for Myrothecium cinctum, M. commune and M. ukrainicum has been shown for the first time. The toxigenic activity of the studied strains depending on the source of isolation and possible correlative connections between sporulation, toxin formation and other properties are discussed.