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A de novo, mosaic and complex chromosome 21 rearrangement causes APP triplication and familial autosomal dominant early onset Alzheimer disease.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Division for Neurogeriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Copy number variation (CNV) of the amyloid-β precursor protein gene (APP) is a known cause of autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD), but de novo genetic variants causing ADAD are rare. We report a mother and daughter with neuropathologically confirmed definite Alzheimer disease (AD) and extensive cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Copy number analysis identified an increased number of APP copies and genome sequencing (GS) revealed the underlying complex genomic rearrangement (CGR) including a triplication of APP with two unique breakpoint junctions (BPJs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Mitosis maintains a genome's genetic information in daughter cells by accurately segregating chromosomes. However, chromosome aberrations are common during early mammalian embryogenesis. Chromosomal abnormalities during the early stages of embryogenesis result in the formation of mosaic embryos, wherein cells with normal genomes coexist with cells exhibiting abnormal genomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnravelling genomic drivers of speciation in Musa through genome assemblies of wild banana ancestors.
Nat Commun
January 2025
CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France.
Hybridization between wild Musa species and subspecies from Southeast Asia is at the origin of cultivated bananas. The genomes of these cultivars are complex mosaics involving nine genetic groups, including two previously unknown contributors. This study provides continuous genome assemblies for six wild genetic groups, one of which represents one of the unknown ancestor, identified as M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe maternal X chromosome affects cognition and brain ageing in female mice.
Nature
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Female mammalian cells have two X chromosomes, one of maternal origin and one of paternal origin. During development, one X chromosome randomly becomes inactivated. This renders either the maternal X (X) chromosome or the paternal X (X) chromosome inactive, causing X mosaicism that varies between female individuals, with some showing considerable or complete skew of the X chromosome that remains active.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating Chromosomal Mosaicism in Prenatal Diagnosis: The Complementary Roles of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis and Karyotyping.
J Clin Lab Anal
January 2025
Department of Urology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, ZhongShan, China.
Objective: To explore the impact of in vitro cell subculture on prenatal diagnostic sample results and compare the efficacy of conventional karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in detecting chromosome mosaicism.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of G-banding karyotyping and CMA data from 2007 amniocentesis cases to investigate chromosome mosaicism.
Results: Chromosome mosaicism was detected in 1.
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