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Human motivation is organized hierarchically, from proximal (means) to ultimate (ends).
Behav Brain Sci
January 2025
Département d'études cognitives, Institut Jean Nicod, Ecole normale supérieure, Université PSL, EHESS, CNRS, Paris,
Murayama and Jach raise a key problem in behavioral sciences, to which we suggest evolutionary science can provide a solution. We emphasize the role of adaptive mechanisms in shaping behavior and argue for the integration of hierarchical theories of goal-directed cognition and behavioral flexibility, in order to unravel the motivations behind actions that, in themselves, seem disconnected from adaptive goals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTraumatic limb amputations in polytrauma ICU admissions.
S Afr J Surg
December 2024
Department of Surgical Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Background: KwaZulu-Natal bears a significant trauma burden, with polytrauma patients often experiencing traumatic limb amputations. This study investigates traumatic limb amputations in the subgroup of severely injured polytrauma patients admitted to the trauma ICU in KwaZulu-Natal. This study aims to describe the management and outcomes of traumatic limb amputations in polytrauma patients at the trauma ICU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIsolation, screening, and characterization of heavy metal-resistant bacteria from solid waste dumping sites in Central Gondar, Northwest, Ethiopia.
Sci Prog
January 2025
Department of Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Objective: Heavy metal pollution is one of the more recent problems of environmental degradation caused by rapid industrialization and human activity. The objective of this study was to isolate, screen, and characterize heavy metal-resistant bacteria from solid waste disposal sites.
Methods: In this study, a total of 18 soil samples were randomly selected from mechanical sites, metal workshops, and agricultural land that received wastewater irrigation.
From Paper to Digital: Evaluating Electronic Medical Records and their Compliance with EMA Guidelines in European Clinical Trials.
Rev Recent Clin Trials
January 2025
Dipartimento Patologia e Cura del Bambino, Regina Margherita AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Presidio Infantile Regina Margherita, Turin, Italy.
Background: Over the past decade, there has been a significant shift from paper-based to digital medical record management, driven largely by advances in digital technology. This transition has led to widespread adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs), with the expectation that paper documentation will soon be fully replaced. In response, the European Medicines Agency's "Guideline on Computerised Systems in Clinical Trials" outlines essential criteria for validated EMR systems to ensure data integrity and security, and sets standards for electronic source documents in clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinicopathologic Features and Viral Status of Low-risk HPV6 and HPV11-Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix and Vulva.
Am J Surg Pathol
January 2025
Department of Pathology.
Despite being designated as "noncarcinogenic" human papillomavirus (HPV) types, mono-infection with HPV6 or HPV11 has been found in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) at specific sites, including the larynx, penis, anus, and rarely, the lower female genital tract. The association between clinicopathologic features, viral status, and the carcinogenic mechanisms related to these low-risk HPVs remains unclear. The current study characterizes a series of low-risk HPV6 and HPV11-associated SCCs of the uterine cervix (6 cases) and vulva (2 cases).
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