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Specialized pericyte subtypes in the pulmonary capillaries.
EMBO J
January 2025
Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Pericytes are essential for capillary stability and homeostasis, with impaired pericyte function linked to diseases like pulmonary arterial hypertension. Investigating pericyte biology has been challenging due to the lack of specific markers, making it difficult to distinguish pericytes from other stromal cells. Using bioinformatic analysis and RNAscope, we identified Higd1b as a unique gene marker for pericytes and subsequently generated a knock-in mouse line, Higd1b-CreERT2, that accurately labels pericytes in the lung and heart.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSevere pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - From clinical perspective to histological evidence.
Int J Cardiol Congenit Heart Dis
September 2024
Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
Severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently defined by an elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure and strongly elevated pulmonary vascular resistance >5 wood units. Clinically, these patients show a male predominance, and usually present with very severe dyspnea, severe hypoxemia, strongly decreased exercise capacity and poor prognosis, even though the clinical picture is frequently associated with less severe airflow obstruction. Explanted lung samples of patients with COPD and severe PH show severe remodeling of small pulmonary arterioles, predominantly in the intima and media of the vessels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMinocycline prevents monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension through the attenuation of endothelial dysfunction and vascular wall thickening.
J Pharmacol Sci
January 2025
Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23 Bancho 35-1, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan. Electronic address:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease with a poor prognosis in which high pulmonary artery pressure leads to right heart failure, therefore, there is an urgent need to elucidate pathological mechanisms and to develop new treatment for PH. Minocycline has not only antibacterial effects but also anti-inflammatory effects in various tissues. We hypothesize that minocycline could prevent PH development in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a lethal variant of pulmonary hypertension. The degree of pulmonary arterial involvement varies. Here, we compare two PVOD patients who were transplanted at 8 years of age, whereof one is a homozygous mutation carrier.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFK channel-dependent electrical signaling links capillary pericytes to arterioles during neurovascular coupling.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201.
The brain has evolved mechanisms to dynamically modify blood flow, enabling the timely delivery of energy substrates in response to local metabolic demands. Several such neurovascular coupling (NVC) mechanisms have been identified, but the vascular signal transduction and transmission mechanisms that enable dilation of penetrating arterioles (PAs) remote from sites of increased neuronal activity are unclear. Given the exponential relationship between vessel diameter and blood flow, tight control of arteriole membrane potential and diameter is a crucial aspect of NVC.
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