Neurodegenerative disorders, including spin-ocerebellar ataxias (SCA), Huntington disease (HD) and dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA), are associated with unstable CAG repeats. To investigate the mitotic stability of the repetitive element in the genes for SCA1, SCA3, HD, and DRPLA we extracted DNA from up to 13 tissue samples from four deceased individuals with progressive neurological disorders and neuropathological signs. Due to the formalin fixation of some tissues the genomic DNA was highly degraded and unsuitable for amplification of fragments longer than 150 bp. After size selection and primer extension preamplification, specific analyses could be performed even for expanded alleles. In all four patients the SCA1 mutation could be demonstrated, in one case with remarkable somatic heterogeneity of the elongated allele, whereas alleles of the normal range were stable in all tissues examined.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050513 | DOI Listing |
J Trop Med
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
The protein is highly conserved among pathogenic serovars and it is expressed during both acute and chronic infections. The aim of this study was to clone and sequence of the protein-encoding gene of serovars. In this study, 23 pathogenic serovars and two nonpathogenic serovars were used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
January 2025
Department of Plant Production and Genetic (Biotechnology), Faculty of Agriculture, Jahrom University, Jahrom, Iran.
Background: Geraniums (Pelargonium) are among the most popular flowers worldwide. Viral infection is one of the main problems of the genus Pelargonium, and the production of virus-free mother plants is necessary for large-scale geranium propagation and exchange. Meristem culture and thermotherapy are two effective procedures that have been widely adopted to produce healthy virus-free plant stocks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Chem
January 2025
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, CZ-16000 Prague 6, Prague, Czech Republic.
Protein-RNA interactions play important biological roles and hence reactive RNA probes for cross-linking with proteins are important tools in their identification and study. To this end, we designed and synthesized 5'-O-triphosphates bearing a reactive squaramate group attached to position 5 of cytidine or position 7 of 7-deazaadenosine and used them as substrates for polymerase synthesis of modified RNA. In vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase or primer extension using TGK polymerase was used for synthesis of squaramate-modified RNA probes which underwent covalent bioconjugations with amine-linked fluorophore and lysine-containing peptides and proteins including several viral RNA polymerases or HIV reverse transcriptase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteoglycan Res
October 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
Hyaluronan (HA; [-3-GlcNAc-1-beta-4-GlcA-1-beta] ), an essential matrix polysaccharide of vertebrates and the molecular camouflage coating in certain pathogens, is polymerized by "HA synthase" (HAS) enzymes. Three HAS classes have been identified with biotechnological utility, but only the Class II PmHAS from Type A has been useful for preparation of very defined HA polymers in vitro. Two general chemoenzymatic strategies with different size products are possible: (1) repetitive step-wise extension reactions by sequential addition of a single monosaccharide from a donor UDP-sugar onto an acceptor (or "primer") comprised of a short glycosaminoglycan chain (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
December 2024
Dalian Minzu University, College of Environment and Resources, Liaohe West Road No.8, Dalian Economic and Technological Developing Zone, Dalian, China, 116600;
Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott, is an ornamental species of Leguminosae, widely planted as a roadside tree in north regions of China (Kite et al. 2007).
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