[Selmar Aschheim (1878-1965) and Bernhard Zondek (1891-1966). On the fate of 2 Jewish physicians and researchers at the Berlin Charité Hospital].

In 1927, Selmar Aschheim and Bernhard Zondek developed the first biological pregnancy test by urine hormone detection. This so-called Aschheim-Zondek-reaction was a practical application of their research about the effects of anteropituitary hormones (gonadotrophin) on the female sexual organs and pregnancy. Life and scientific merits of these two gynecologists working in Berlin until 1933 are demonstrated. Due to their Jewish extraction, they had to leave their duties and finally Germany during National Socialism.