In order to clarify pathogenesis of HAM/TSP, we performed a detailed neuropathologic analysis of seven autopsy patients with HAM/TSP. Inflammatory infiltrates of mononuclear cells and degeneration of myelin and axons were noted in the middle to lower thoracic spinal cords and were continuously extended to the entire spinal cord. Horizontal distribution of inflammatory lesions was symmetric at any spinal levels. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated T-cell dominance. The numbers of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were equally present in patients with shorter clinical course. Apoptosis of helper/inducer T cells were observed in the presence of TIA1+ cytotoxic T cells in these active inflammatory lesions. Inflammatory infiltrates were markedly decreased and CD8+/TIA1- T cells were predominated over CD4+ cells in patients with prolonged clinical course. HTLV-1 proviral DNA amounts in the freshly frozen spinal cord measured by quantitative PCR were well correlated with the numbers of infiltrated CD4+ cells. In situ PCR of HTLV-1 proviral DNA using multi-primary pairs demonstrated the presence of HTLV-1 infected cells exclusively in the mononuclear infiltrates of perivascular areas. From these findings, it is suggested that the target of the inflammatory process seen in HAM/TSP lesions may be HTLV-1 infected CD4+ T cells infiltrating the spinal cord.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|
J Leukoc Biol
March 2025
Life Sciences Discipline, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Enhancement of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a promising adjunct approach to achieve HIV control in the absence of antiretroviral therapy but requires the development of potent ADCC-eliciting antibodies which can recognise diverse HIV-infected cell types. A panel of broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) targeting HIV envelope were identified which specifically bind both HIV-infected CD4+ T cells and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Afucosylated versions of these bNAbs containing ≈30% less core fucose were generated and elicited a significant increase in ADCC responses from NK cells against HIV-infected T cell and MDM targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Med
March 2025
Department of Tuberculosis, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 211132, China. Electronic address:
Introduction: Pleurisy tuberculoma (PTM) is a neoplastic lesion that primarily affects the pleural wall or internal organs. The majority of PTM cases are observed during the treatment of tuberculous pleural effusion(TPE), and although the precise pathogenesis remains unclear, there is a significant association between these two conditions. To identify high-risk factors for the development of PTM, we developed a clinical predictive model aimed at providing more insightful information for the development of PTM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSLAS Technol
March 2025
Department of Periodontics & Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China; Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China. Electronic address:
Background: Almost 90% of head and neck malignancies are malignant squamous cell cancers, making it the sixth most common malignancy in the developing countries, with an overall five-year overall survival rate about 40%-50%. Early diagnosis and treatment can bring a better prognosis. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is an important polypeptide in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Immunol
March 2025
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Regulatory T cells (T) have diverse functional specification in homeostasis and disease. However, how liver T function and are transcriptionally regulated in obesity is not well understood. Here, we identified that effector T expressing activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) were enriched in the livers of obese mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Neurobiol
March 2025
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China.
GABAB receptor (GABABR) encephalitis represents a rare subtype of paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (LE), characterized by persistent seizures and cognitive impairments. Nevertheless, the precise phenotype and underlying mechanisms of neuronal dysfunction associated with intrathecal lymphocytes in GABABR encephalitis remain inadequately understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that exosomes derived from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with GABABR encephalitis can induce neuronal ferroptosis, oxidative stress, iron accumulation, and lipid hyperoxidation in an in vitro model of anti-GABABR encephalitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!