Genome polymorphism in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is frequently the result of transposition and recombination events involving Ty elements. The activity of these retrotransposons is closely integrated with the life cycle of the host. Ty transcription is repressed in diploid, but not haploid, cells and is induced by certain stress conditions. We have found that Ty transposition at the ADH4 and ADH2 loci is not only active, but 50-fold more frequent in meiotic yeast than in mitotic cells. These data provide a further example of the success of Ty elements in maximising their own chances of spread and survival while minimising the risks to the host yeast population.
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Enhancement of Ty transposition at the ADH4 and ADH2 loci in meiotic yeast cells.
Mol Gen Genet
May 1997
Department of Biochemistry and Applied Molecular Biology, UMIST, Manchester, UK.
Genome polymorphism in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is frequently the result of transposition and recombination events involving Ty elements. The activity of these retrotransposons is closely integrated with the life cycle of the host. Ty transcription is repressed in diploid, but not haploid, cells and is induced by certain stress conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of irradiation and mutagenic chemicals on the generation of ADH2- and ADH4-constitutive mutants in yeast: the inducibility of Ty transposition by UV and ethyl methanesulfonate.
Mutat Res
March 1990
Gesellschaft für Strahlen- und Umweltforschung, Institut für Strahlenbiologie, Neuherberg, F.R.G.
A strain defective in fermentation due to a deletion in the ADH1 gene was used to generate revertants which are constitutive mutants of the genes ADH2 and ADH4. By analyzing the DNA of the mutants we determined the frequency of Ty insertions into the promoter region of these genes. We found an increase in transposition after UV irradiation and treatment with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA damage activates transcription and transposition of yeast Ty retrotransposons.
Mol Gen Genet
September 1989
Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine.
A set of genes isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed increased transcript levels after yeast had been exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light or 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO). Included among these DNA damage responsive (DDR) genes were members of the Ty retrotransposon family of yeast. Northern hybridization analysis indicated that maximal levels of a 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mutation rate to antimycin A resistance was determined for strains of Sacchromyces cerevisiae lacking a functional copy of the structural gene for alcohol dehydrogenase I (ADH1). One type of mutation that can cause antimycin A resistance in these strains is insertion of the transposable element Ty 5' to ADH2, the structural gene for the glucose-repressed isozyme of alcohol dehydrogenase, resulting in expression of this gene during growth on glucose. Here we show that after growth at 15 or 20 degrees C on glucose, 30% of the antimycin A resistance mutations are Ty insertions at ADH2 and another 65% of the mutations are Ty insertions at ADH4, a new locus identified and cloned as described in this paper.
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