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Nerve Growth Factor Is Responsible for Exercise-Induced Recovery of Septohippocampal Cholinergic Structure and Function.
Front Neurosci
November 2018
Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, United States.
Exercise has been shown to improve or rescue cognitive functioning in both humans and rodents, and the augmented actions of neurotrophins within the hippocampus and associated regions play a significant role in the improved neural plasticity. The septohippocampal circuit is modified by exercise. Beyond an enhancement of spatial working memory and a rescue of hippocampal activity-dependent acetylcholine (ACh) efflux, the re-emergence of the cholinergic/nestin neuronal phenotype within the medial septum/diagonal band (MS/dB) is observed following exercise (Hall and Savage, 2016).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFP2RX7 Purinoceptor as a Therapeutic Target-The Second Coming?
Front Chem
June 2018
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
The P2RX7 receptor is a unique member of a family of extracellular ATP (eATP)-gated ion channels expressed in immune cells, where its activation triggers the inflammatory cascade. Therefore, P2RX7 has been long investigated as a target in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Subsequently, P2RX7 signaling has been documented in other physiological and pathological processes including pain, CNS and psychiatric disorders and cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiphtheria in Lao PDR: Insufficient Coverage or Ineffective Vaccine?
PLoS One
January 2016
Institut de la Francophonie pour la Médecine Tropicale, Vientiane, Lao PDR.
Background: During late 2012 and early 2013 several outbreaks of diphtheria were notified in the North of the Lao People's Democratic Republic. The aim of this study was to determine whether the re-emergence of this vaccine-preventable disease was due to insufficient vaccination coverage or reduction of vaccine effectiveness within the affected regions.
Methods: A serosurvey was conducted in the Huaphan Province on a cluster sampling of 132 children aged 12-59 months.
The myofibroblast matrix: implications for tissue repair and fibrosis.
J Pathol
January 2013
Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E2, Canada.
Myofibroblasts, and the extracellular matrix (ECM) in which they reside, are critical components of wound healing and fibrosis. The ECM, traditionally viewed as the structural elements within which cells reside, is actually a functional tissue whose components possess not only scaffolding characteristics, but also growth factor, mitogenic, and other bioactive properties. Although it has been suggested that tissue fibrosis simply reflects an 'exuberant' wound-healing response, examination of the ECM and the roles of myofibroblasts during fibrogenesis instead suggest that the organism may be attempting to recapitulate developmental programmes designed to regenerate functional tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe sun always comes out after it rains: understanding posttraumatic growth in HIV caregivers.
Health Soc Work
August 2007
Lyle S Hallman Faculty of Social Work, Wilfrid Laurier University, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.
Coping theory and research have long focused on negative outcomes. However, a growing body of literature has indicated that individuals may experience certain benefits from stressful life events. This research explored the positive and negative changes in caregivers' lives after caring for someone who had died of complications related to HIV/AIDS.
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