Over the past decade the treatment of schizophrenia has changed in each of its biopsychosocial domains. Advances in neuroscience, particularly in the knowledge of the receptor site, led to increased effectiveness of antipsychotic medication. Development of more sophisticated psychoeducational and rehabilitative techniques enhanced the chances for fuller recovery. Evolution from therapeutic community to continuum of care replaced the traditional inpatient setting with a range of more ambulatory-based alternatives. Comprehensive treatment matches these changes with the phase of illness and is reinforced with a flexible and supportive psychotherapy that emphasizes medication compliance and educational and problem-solving tasks.
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Cureus
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Odessa, USA.
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder with a complex etiology involving genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors. Many individuals with schizophrenia experience treatment resistance despite advances in pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions. Immune dysregulation, characterized by altered cytokine levels, immune-related gene expression, and neuroinflammation, plays a critical role in schizophrenia's pathogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Intellect Dev Disabil
June 2024
Department of Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.
Background: People with an intellectual disability have a higher risk of developing mental disorders compared to the general population. Available evidence suggests those with an intellectual disability receiving inpatient treatment in general psychiatric wards may have certain unique characteristics.
Method: Data gathered from a retrospective review of records of adults with intellectual disability admitted to general psychiatry wards in a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Singapore were analysed.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Aim: As a central component of schizophrenia psychopathology, negative symptoms result in detrimental effects on long-term functional prognosis. However, the neurobiological mechanism underlying negative symptoms remains poorly understood, which limits the development of novel treatment interventions. This study aimed to identify the specific neural fingerprints of negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Laboratory of Neurolinguistics and Experimental Pragmatics (NEP), University School for Advanced Studies IUSS, Piazza della Vittoria 15, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
Physical Restraint (PR) is a coercive procedure used in emergency psychiatric care to ensure safety in life-threatening situations. Because of its traumatic nature, studies emphasize the importance of considering the patient's subjective experience. We pursued this aim by overcoming classic qualitative approaches and innovatively applying a multilayered semiautomated language analysis to a corpus of narratives about PR collected from 99 individuals across seven mental health services in Italy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Ther
January 2025
Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Introduction: Daily oral antipsychotics (OAPs) are the mainstay of schizophrenia treatment; however, long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) are associated with better treatment adherence and improved outcomes.
Methods: This study assessed the real-world comparative effectiveness of LAIs and daily OAPs using claims data from a nationally representative sample of fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with schizophrenia. Antipsychotic discontinuation, psychiatric hospitalization, and treatment failure were compared relative to different reference groups using within-individual Cox regression models.
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