Reperfusion injury after liver preservation for transplantation.

Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol

Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7090, USA.

Published: July 1997

AI Article Synopsis

  • Preservation injury limits the effectiveness of liver transplantation, with a maximum safe storage time of 24 hours using University of Wisconsin solution, beyond which harmful cellular responses occur.
  • Strategies such as using calcium blockers or pentoxifylline can reduce the damaging effects of activated liver macrophages (Kupffer cells), improving graft survival.
  • Utilizing Carolina rinse solution to flush grafts post-storage has shown promise in reducing cell damage and inflammation, ultimately enhancing the outcomes of liver transplants.

Article Abstract

Preservation injury remains an obstacle to greater utilization of liver transplantation therapy. Livers can be preserved a maximum of 24 h in University of Wisconsin solution. After longer times, reperfusion precipitates endothelial cell killing and activation of Kupffer cells (liver macrophages). Together, Kupffer cell activation and endothelial cell killing cause microcirculatory disturbances, leukocyte and platelet adhesion, and a systemic inflammatory response after graft implantation. Down-regulation of Kupffer cells with calcium blockers or pentoxifylline improves graft survival, whereas priming with lipopolysaccharide or alcohol worsens survival. Flushing grafts after storage with Carolina rinse solution containing antioxidants, adenosine, calcium blocker, energy substrates, and glycine at pH 6.5 decreases endothelial cell killing, reduces Kupffer cell activation, and improves graft survival. Understanding of the roles of different cells in storage/reperfusion injury forms the basis for strategies to prolong organ storage, improve graft function, and reduce failure of fatty grafts from alcoholic donors.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.37.1.327DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

endothelial cell
12
cell killing
12
kupffer cells
8
kupffer cell
8
cell activation
8
improves graft
8
graft survival
8
cell
5
reperfusion injury
4
injury liver
4

Similar Publications

Cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, driven in part by chronic inflammation. Emerging research suggests that the bone marrow microenvironment, or marrow niche, plays a critical role in both immune system regulation and disease progression. The bone marrow niche is essential for maintaining hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and orchestrating hematopoiesis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of mild COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 vaccination on ovarian function in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART). Specifically, we assessed ovarian outcomes between 9 and 18 months post-infection and investigated the effects of COVID-19 vaccines (inactivated virus and adenovirus) on reproductive parameters.

Methods: The study included two objectives: (a) examining ovarian function in post-COVID-19 patients (9-18 months post-infection) compared to a control group and (b) comparing reproductive outcomes in vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Growing evidence indicates that noncombustible products could be a tobacco harm reduction tool for smokers who do not quit. The Tobacco Heating System (THS) emits substantially lower levels of harmful cigarette smoke constituents, and previous randomized clinical studies showed improved levels of biomarkers of potential harm (BoPH) linked to smoking-related disease.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study of healthy participants (n = 982) who (i) smoked cigarettes, (ii) had voluntarily switched from smoking to THS use, or (iii) formerly smoked, blood and urine samples were assayed for nine BoPH.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

High Glucose Treatment Induces Nuclei Aggregation of Microvascular Endothelial Cells via the - Pathway.

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol

January 2025

Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, China. (X.W., D.L.).

Background: Hyperglycemia is a major contributor to endothelial dysfunction and blood vessel damage, leading to severe diabetic microvascular complications. Despite the growing body of research on the underlying mechanisms of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, the available drugs based on current knowledge fall short of effectively alleviating these complications. Therefore, our endeavor to explore novel insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction is crucial for the field.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

XOR-Derived ROS in Tie2-Lineage Cells Including Endothelial Cells Promotes Aortic Aneurysm Progression in Marfan Syndrome.

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol

January 2025

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan. (H. Yagi, H.A., Q.L., A.S.-K., M.U., H.K., R.M., A.S., S.O., H.T., Norifumi Takeda, I.K.).

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding fibrillin-1, a matrix component of extracellular microfibrils. The main cause of morbidity and mortality in MFS is thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection, but the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined.

Methods: To elucidate the role of endothelial XOR (xanthine oxidoreductase)-derived reactive oxygen species in aortic aneurysm progression, we inhibited in vivo function of XOR either by endothelial cell (EC)-specific disruption of the gene or by systemic administration of an XOR inhibitor febuxostat in MFS mice harboring the missense mutation p.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!