Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is known to be associated with a complex neuroendocrine activation, especially concerning sympathetic and renin-angiotensin systems, cortisol, atrial natriuretic peptide and endothelin. Results of our study show that the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), also, is early involved in the neuroendocrine activation occurring in AMI. Plasma concentration of VIP, significantly increased in AMI patients within 6 hours after the onset of chest pain, soon decreased and remained below than normal along the first week. At the 14th day of the AMI, plasma levels of VIP returned into the normal range. A significant increase of VIP plasma concentration is detectable in the first hours of AMI in survived as compared with died patients. The phenomenon seems to be a suitable process to provide an endogenous support to the ischemic heart and to counteract the negative effects of other neuroendocrine activated factors.
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