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Pituitary abscess (PA), a rare complication following transsphenoidal (TS) surgery for pituitary adenoma with an incidence of 0.2%, poses a significant risk; carrying potential morbidity, recurrence, and the necessity for reoperation. Timely suspicion, diagnosis, and treatment are imperative.

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Pituitary Abscess Causing Panhypopituitarism in a Patient With Neurobrucellosis: Case Report.

AACE Clin Case Rep

October 2023

Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico State, Mexico.

Background/objective: Pituitary abscess is an uncommon life-threatening disease that could lead to panhypopituitarism. It is important to suspect its prevalence in regions with endemic infectious diseases.

Case Report: A 55-year-old man, a farmer, with a background of consumption of unpasteurized dairy products, presented with headache, impaired consciousness, and fever that started in February 2023.

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Purpose: Inflammatory and infectious diseases of the pituitary gland (IIPD) are rare lesions often misdiagnosed preoperatively. Immediate surgery is indicated especially in cases of neurological impairment. However, (chronic) inflammatory processes can mimic other pituitary tumors, such as adenomas, and data on the preoperative diagnostic criteria for IIPD are sparse.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pituitary abscess (PA) is a rare condition with a mortality rate of 5.1%, and delayed presentation is a key predictor of worse outcomes.
  • * The most common symptoms are headache (76.2%) and visual field defects (47.3%), while high T2 and low T1 signals on MRI are typical radiological findings.
  • * Despite symptom resolution in many patients, over half (61%) continue to experience endocrine abnormalities, with hypopituitarism being the most prevalent (41.1%).
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