High-dose nevirapine treatment has been reported to confer sustained antiretroviral effects, despite a rapid development of resistance. The use of this strategy was evaluated in 20 previously untreated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigenemic persons with CD4 cell counts between 100 and 500/mm3. Treatment consisted of 400 mg of nevirapine, after a 2-week lead-in dose of 200 mg. Rash was the most frequently reported adverse event, occurring in 25%. While sustained declines in p24 antigen levels were observed in the majority, serum HIV-1 RNA load and CD4 cell counts returned to baseline values within 12 weeks in virtually all subjects. The resistance-conferring tyrosine-to-cysteine substitution at reverse transcriptase position 181 was detected after 4 weeks in most subjects. These observations suggest that plasma drug levels attained with high-dose nevirapine were not sufficient to inhibit nevirapine-resistant virus, although they were approximately 2-fold higher than reported IC50 values of resistant virus.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/514002 | DOI Listing |
Indian Dermatol Online J
January 2022
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India.
Background: Case reviews of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) such as SJS/TEN provide useful insights for clinical characteristics, putative drugs, and management protocols.
Patients And Methods: Medical charts of 62 (m:f- 20:42) patients with SJS/TEN hospitalized between 2010 and 2019 were analyzed retrospectively for clinical attributes, putative drugs and their indications, extracutaneous complications, and therapeutic outcome. The diagnosis was clinical based on established criteria.
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc
March 2017
Antiviral Pharmacology Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
PLoS One
December 2015
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Objectives: Since vitamin D insufficiency is common worldwide in people with HIV, we explored safety and efficacy of high dose cholecalciferol (D₃) in Botswana, and evaluated potential modifiers of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D change (Δ25D).
Design: Prospective randomized double-blind 12-week pilot trial of subjects ages 5.0-50.
Natl Toxicol Program Genet Modif Model Rep
October 2013
Unlabelled: 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is the most widely used and evaluated chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Antiviral therapy is essential for treatment and prevention of AIDS in adults and children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV during pregnancy and labor. The studies described in this report were designed to determine possible long-term sequelae from AZT treatment, often used in combination with other antiviral drugs, such as lamivudine (3TC) and nevirapine (NVP) in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cell Endocrinol
May 2013
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a severe thyroid malignancy with poor prognosis, due to its early metastasis and unresponsiveness to both radiation and chemotherapy. Nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, has been used as a re-differentiation agent to treat cancers in several human cancer models. So far, the effects of nevirapine on human thyroid anaplastic carcinoma cells have not been documented.
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