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Clinically-probed mechanisms of action in Fragile-X syndrome fail to normalize translational EEG phenotypes in Fmr1 knockout mice.
Neuropharmacology
January 2025
Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland.
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP) deficiency. Electroencephalogram (EEG) changes in FXS include alterations of oscillatory activity and responses to sensory stimuli, some of which have been back-translated into rodent models by knocking-out the Fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 gene (Fmr1-KO). However, the validity of these EEG phenotypes as objective biomarkers requires further investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBilateral hand dystonia following high-velocity thrust manipulation: a case report.
J Int Med Res
October 2024
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Woman's University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
Thrust manipulation is one of the most commonly used techniques for managing musculoskeletal pain in clinical practice. This involves the application of a high-velocity, low-amplitude force directed to the joints with the intent of achieving joint cavitation. This current case report describes a female in her mid-20s who presented with excessive bilateral and involuntary hand muscle contractions after bilateral thrust manipulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Safety of Alcohol Pharmacotherapies in Pregnancy: A Scoping Review of Human and Animal Research.
CNS Drugs
January 2025
School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- - The study reviews the safety concerns of various alcohol pharmacotherapies during pregnancy, as current options for pregnant individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD) are limited due to unknown teratogenic risks.
- - A total of 105 studies were analyzed, focusing on medications like naltrexone, acamprosate, disulfiram, and topiramate, with findings suggesting that naltrexone might be safer than other options for opioid use disorders, despite being less studied for AUD specifically.
- - The review highlights significant safety concerns, noting disulfiram and topiramate's links to congenital anomalies, while acamprosate showed potential neuroprotective benefits without clear adverse effects, creating a complex picture of risks and benefits
An evaluation of intravenous lipid emulsion on three common canine toxicants.
Front Vet Sci
September 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virgina Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Objective: To determine whether intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) therapy significantly reduces the concentration of baclofen, ibuprofen, and/or bromethalin in canine whole blood over time.
Animals: Seven 500 mL bags of canine DEA 1.1 negative blood were divided into aliquots of 125 mL and randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups (baclofen, ibuprofen, bromethalin) or four control groups (a positive control for each treatment group and a negative control group).
Pharmacological manipulations of the dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum during fear extinction reveal opposing roles in fear renewal.
Neurobiol Learn Mem
July 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA. Electronic address:
Systemic manipulations that enhance dopamine (DA) transmission around the time of fear extinction can strengthen fear extinction and reduce conditioned fear relapse. Prior studies investigating the brain regions where DA augments fear extinction focus on targets of mesolimbic and mesocortical DA systems originating in the ventral tegmental area, given the role of these DA neurons in prediction error. The dorsal striatum (DS), a primary target of the nigrostriatal DA system originating in the substantia nigra (SN), is implicated in behaviors beyond its canonical role in movement, such as reward and punishment, goal-directed action, and stimulus-response associations, but whether DS DA contributes to fear extinction is unknown.
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