All major symptoms of Parkinson's disease, i.e., rigidity, tremor, hypokinesia and postural instability are induced by an impaired dopaminergic neurotransmission in the nigro-striatal pathway. Levodopa pioneered the symptomatic therapy of Parkinson's disease. While it is effective on the motor symptoms, long-term levodopa therapy often results in dyskinesia, motor fluctuations and psychosis. Coadministration of levodopa and dopamine agonists, bromocriptine and pergolide, decreases these adverse side effects. Anticholinergics and amantadine are often effective as adjuvant drugs for the early stage of patients with Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, L-threo-DOPS, nor-adrenergic precursor drug, is sometimes effective for the advanced stage of Parkinson's disease. Thus coadministration of multiple antiparkinsonian drugs, rather than single therapy of levodopa, is useful for the long-term treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
All Fired Up: Microglial Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease.
Biol Psychiatry
April 2025
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri; Brain Immunology and Glia Center, Washington University School of Medicine in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri. Electronic address:
Dissolving microneedles for brain delivery: Recent advances and challenges.
Drug Discov Today
March 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre (SBMDC), School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway, Malaysia. Electronic address:
Over the past decade, dissolving microneedles (DMNs) have emerged as a promising approach for drug delivery to the brain. They are tiny devices designed to penetrate biological barriers, offering a painless method for localized and controlled drug delivery. They are suitable for delivering drugs that are susceptible to degradation when delivered orally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvantages and challenges of using allogeneic vs. autologous sources for neuronal cell replacement in Parkinson's disease: insights from non-human primate studies.
Brain Res Bull
March 2025
Kenai Therapeutics, San Diego, CA; Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, Washington DC.
Intracerebral grafting of dopamine-producing cells is proposed as a strategy to replace the typical neurons lost to Parkinson's disease (PD) and improve the typical PD motor symptoms. Non-human primate studies have provided clues on the relationship between host's immune response and grafting success. Herein, we discuss how the host's immune system differentially affects the graft depending on the origin of the cells and reflect on the advantages and limitations of the immune paradigms utilized to assess graft-related outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDenseFormer-MoE: A Dense Transformer Foundation Model with Mixture of Experts for Multi-Task Brain Image Analysis.
IEEE Trans Med Imaging
March 2025
Deep learning models have been widely investigated for computing and analyzing brain images across various downstream tasks such as disease diagnosis and age regression. Most existing models are tailored for specific tasks and diseases, posing a challenge in developing a foundation model for diverse tasks. This paper proposes a Dense Transformer Foundation Model with Mixture of Experts (DenseFormer-MoE), which integrates dense convolutional network, Vision Transformer and Mixture of Experts (MoE) to progressively learn and consolidate local and global features from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (sMRI) for multiple tasks including diagnosing multiple brain diseases and predicting brain age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTopoisomerase inhibitor amonafide enhances defense responses to promote longevity in C. elegans.
Geroscience
March 2025
Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Aging is a major risk factor for disease, and developing effective pharmaceutical interventions to improve healthspan and promote longevity has become a high priority for society. One of the molecular pathways related to longevity in various model organisms revolves around lowering AKT1 levels. This prompted our in silico drug screen for small molecules capable of mimicking the transcriptional effects of AKT1 knockdown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!