A rapid and safe method for the placement of No 7 French flow-directed thermodilution catheters via an infraclavicular subclavian approach is described.
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A classification system for pulmonary artery catheters.
Br J Anaesth
December 2023
Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Outcomes Research, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:
Flow-directed, balloon-tipped pulmonary artery catheters allow measuring cardiac output and other haemodynamic variables including intracardiac pressures. We propose classifying pulmonary artery catheters by generations and specifying additional measurement modalities. Based on the method used to measure cardiac output, pulmonary artery catheters can be classified into three generations: first-generation using intermittent pulmonary artery thermodilution; second-generation using a thermal filament for automated pulmonary artery thermodilution; and third-generation combining thermal filament-based automated pulmonary artery thermodilution and pulmonary artery pulse wave analysis.
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June 2021
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
Introduction: Echocardiographically identified pulmonary hypertension is an independent predictor of poor outcome in dogs affected by myxomatous valvular degeneration (MMVD). Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure is routinely estimated based on its relationship with the Doppler-determined velocity of tricuspid regurgitation as defined by the simplified Bernoulli equation (sPAP_D). Experimental studies suggest that the method is imperfect, but its accuracy in dogs with MMVD is not known.
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J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth
February 2021
Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY; Department of Anesthesiology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY. Electronic address:
The pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) has revolutionized bedside assessment of preload, afterload, and contractility using measured pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, calculated systemic vascular resistance, and estimated cardiac output. It is placed percutaneously by a flow-directed balloon-tipped technique through the venous system and the right heart to the pulmonary artery. Interest in the hemodynamic variables obtained from PACs paved the way for the development of numerous less-invasive hemodynamic monitors over the past 3 decades.
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Swiss Med Wkly
May 2018
Division of Pneumology, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Pulmonary Hypertension Programme, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
The term pulmonary hypertension refers to a serious condition characterised by high pulmonary vascular pressure, mainly as a consequence of various cardiac and respiratory diseases. Current clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension considers five distinct groups. Transthoracic echocardiography represents the first and most important noninvasive screening tool for estimating the probability of pulmonary hypertension.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
October 2015
Danish Centre for the History of Anaesthesia (DCHA), Charlottenlund, Denmark.
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