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January 2025

Laboratory of Human Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.

In most patients with type 1 xanthinuria caused by mutations in the xanthine dehydrogenase gene (XDH), no clinical complications, except for urinary stones, are observed. In contrast, all Xdh(- / -) mice die due to renal failure before reaching adulthood at 8 weeks of age. Hypoxanthine or xanthine levels become excessive and thus toxic in Xdh(- / -) mice because enhancing the activity of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT), which is an enzyme that uses hypoxanthine as a substrate, slightly increases the life span of these mice.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder marked by dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra. Emerging evidence suggests vitamin D3 (VD) plays a therapeutic role in PD, but its precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study employed network pharmacology and bioinformatics to identify VD's hub targets and related pathways.

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Aims: To compare the effects of ipragliflozin, a sodium-dependent glucose transporter-2 inhibitor, and those of metformin on the visceral fat area (VFA), a prospective, multi-centre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomized, controlled study was undertaken. The generated data were used to examine the effects of ipragliflozin and metformin on indices of hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis.

Materials And Methods: In total, 103 Japanese patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D), body mass index (BMI) of ≥22 kg/m and glycated haemoglobin level of 7%-10% were randomly administered ipragliflozin 50 mg or metformin 1000 mg for 24 weeks.

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SLC10A7 regulates O-GalNAc glycosylation and Ca homeostasis in the secretory pathway: insights into SLC10A7-CDG.

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Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale Et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France.

Glycans are known to be fundamental for many cellular and physiological functions. Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) currently encompassing over 160 subtypes, are characterized by glycan synthesis and/or processing defects. Despite the increasing number of CDG patients, therapeutic options remain very limited as our knowledge on glycan synthesis is fragmented.

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This case study explores the effectiveness of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell-based immunotherapy in a 49-year-old male patient with inoperable stage IIIb cholangiocarcinoma, characterized by high levels of the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-2 (SVCT2) in immune cells. Despite an initial lack of tumor reduction following chemotherapy, the patient showed a significant decrease in tumor markers and stabilization of the tumor after undergoing radiation and proton therapy. Subsequently, CIK cell therapy, combined with high-dose vitamin C, was administered 52 times over 6 years.

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