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Angiotensin 1-7 injected into the rat paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus increases blood pressure and heart rate via various receptors.
Neuropharmacology
December 2024
Department of Experimental Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2A, 15-222 Białystok, Poland.
Although angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) and its role as a part of the "protective" axis of the renin-angiotensin system are well described in the literature, the mechanisms of its angiotensin II-like pressor and tachycardic effects following its acute central administration are not fully understood. It was the aim of the present study to examine which receptors contribute to the aforementioned cardiovascular effects. Ang 1-7 and antagonists for glutamate, GABA, vasopressin, thromboxane A (TP), α-adrenergic, and P2X purinoceptors or modulators of oxidative stress were injected into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) of urethane-anesthetized male Wistar rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConversion of silent synapses to AMPA receptor-mediated functional synapses in human cortical organoids.
Neurosci Res
December 2024
Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Laboratory of Neural Information Processing, Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; PRESTO/CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan. Electronic address:
Despite the crucial role of synaptic connections and neural activity in the development and organization of cortical circuits, the mechanisms underlying the formation of functional synaptic connections in the developing human cerebral cortex remain unclear. We investigated the development of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR)-mediated synaptic transmission using human cortical organoids (hCOs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Two-photon Ca⁺ imaging revealed an increase in the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous activity in hCOs on day 80 compared to day 50.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrinary biomonitoring of exposure to glyphosate and its metabolite amino-methyl phosphonic acid among farmers and non-farmers in Morocco.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
December 2024
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco; Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco. Electronic address:
Glyphosate, a widely used herbicide in global agriculture, poses potential health risks due to environmental and dietary exposure. This study evaluated urinary concentrations of glyphosate and its metabolite, amino-methyl phosphonic acid (AMPA), among farmers and non-farmers in Morocco's Fez-Meknes region, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Glyphosate was detected in 57.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthanol self-administration targets GluA2-containing AMPA receptor expression and synaptic activity in the nucleus accumbens in a manner that drives the positive reinforcing properties of the drug.
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
December 2024
Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Rationale: The positive reinforcing effects of alcohol (ethanol) drive repetitive use and contribute to alcohol use disorder (AUD). Ethanol alters the expression of glutamate AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunits in reward-related brain regions, but the extent to which this effect regulates ethanol's reinforcing properties is unclear.
Objective: This study investigates whether ethanol self-administration changes AMPAR subunit expression and synaptic activity in the nucleus accumbens core (AcbC) to regulate ethanol's reinforcing effects in male C57BL/6 J mice.
Edonerpic maleate prevents epileptic seizure during recovery from brain damage by balancing excitatory and inhibitory inputs.
Front Neural Circuits
December 2024
Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
Functional recovery from brain damage, such as stroke, is a plastic process in the brain. The excitatory glutamate -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) plays a crucial role in neuronal functions, and the synaptic trafficking of AMPAR is a fundamental mechanism underlying synaptic plasticity. We recently identified a collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2)-binding compound, edonerpic maleate, which augments rehabilitative training-dependent functional recovery from brain damage by facilitating experience-driven synaptic delivery of AMPARs.
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