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Heterogeneous Ribonucleoprotein K Is a Host Regulatory Factor of Chikungunya Virus Replication in Astrocytes.
Viruses
December 2024
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging, mosquito-borne arthritic alphavirus increasingly associated with severe neurological sequelae and long-term morbidity. However, there is limited understanding of the crucial host components involved in CHIKV replicase assembly complex formation, and thus virus replication and virulence-determining factors, within the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, the majority of CHIKV CNS studies focus on neuronal infection, even though astrocytes represent the main cerebral target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemic Zika virus strains from the Asian lineage induce an attenuated fetal brain pathogenicity.
Nat Commun
December 2024
KU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Virology, Antiviral Drug & Vaccine Research Group, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium.
The 2015-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Americas revealed the ability of ZIKV from the Asian lineage to cause birth defects, generically called congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Notwithstanding the long circulation history of Asian ZIKV, no ZIKV-associated CZS cases were reported prior to the outbreaks in French Polynesia (2013) and Brazil (2015). Whether the sudden emergence of CZS resulted from an evolutionary event of Asian ZIKV has remained unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA zebrafish-based in vivo model of Zika virus infection unveils alterations of the glutamatergic neuronal development and NS4A as a key viral determinant of neuropathogenesis.
PLoS Pathog
December 2024
Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laval, Québec, Canada.
Infection of pregnant women by Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with severe neurodevelopmental defects in newborns through poorly defined mechanisms. Here, we established a zebrafish in vivo model of ZIKV infection to circumvent limitations of existing mammalian models. Leveraging the unique tractability of this system, we gained unprecedented access to the ZIKV-infected brain at early developmental stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntisera-Neutralizing Capacity of a Highly Evolved Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus from an Immunodeficient Patient.
Viruses
November 2024
Department of Industrial Transformation, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650000, China.
Article Synopsis
- The serotype 2 oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV2) can revert and lead to vaccine-derived poliovirus, posing a threat to eradication efforts, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
- A study analyzed changes in specific amino acids within the virus's structure that affect its ability to be neutralized by immune serum from vaccinated individuals.
- The findings indicate that mutations in the virus significantly reduce the effectiveness of antibodies, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring of immunocompromised populations and maintaining high vaccination rates in these communities.
Mumps virus neurovirulence assessment-impact of viral doses, animal sex and age on results dispersion.
Vaccine
January 2025
University of Zagreb, Centre for research and knowledge transfer in biotechnology, Rockefeller Street 10, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address:
Mumps epidemics highlight the necessity for new live mumps vaccines. For vaccine candidate neurosafety assessment, the most commonly used test is the rat-based neurovirulence test (RNVT). Its main experimental and ethical deficiency is the results dispersion which requires large number of animals to obtain statistically relevant results.
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