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Quantification of maternal and fetal valaciclovir exposure in a pharmacokinetic study of cytomegalovirus-infected pregnant women treated to prevent vertical transmission.
J Antimicrob Chemother
January 2025
URP 7328 Federation for Research into Innovative Explorations and Therapeutics in Utero, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France.
Background: In cases of maternal primary infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV-MPI) maternal treatment with oral valaciclovir 8 g/day has been shown to reduce the risk of fetal infection. The pharmacological profile of this high dosage during pregnancy is not yet known.
Objectives: To quantify maternal-fetal exposure to valaciclovir 8 g/day in a population pharmacokinetic (popPK) study.
Patches containing quercetin microcapsules to ameliorate dermal herpes simplex virus injuries in mice.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm
February 2025
Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil. Electronic address:
This study aimed to develop patches containing quercetin-loaded microcapsules and to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo safety and efficacy in preclinical surveys. A set of in vitro experiments evidenced the virucidal activity of quercetin against the HSV-1-KOS (sensitive to acyclovir) and HSV-1-AR (resistant to acyclovir) strains, with improved outcomes upon the first. The patches presented a homogeneous aspect, were easily handled, had a suitable bioadhesion, and possessed mechanical properties of soft and weak material, besides a pH compatible with human skin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHyaluronic Acid-Based pH-Sensitive Nanogel: Synthesis, Characterization, and Assessment for Acyclovir Delivery In Vitro and In Vivo.
Biomacromolecules
January 2025
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Acyclovir (ACV) is a potentially effective antiviral medication; however, it has a serious drawback, which is its poor solubility, bioavailability, and short half-life. The goal of this study is to improve its drawbacks through the synthesis of nanogels. In this study, the cross-linked hyaluronic acid-grafted poly(acrylamide--itaconic acid) nanogel is synthesized successfully through free radical polymerization and used as a safe pH-responsive carrier for ACV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimization of antiviral dosing in Herpesviridae encephalitis: a promising approach to improve outcome?
Clin Microbiol Infect
December 2024
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.
Background: Despite established antiviral therapy for herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster and cytomegalovirus encephalitis, the outcome remains poor.
Objectives: To assess pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) data of antiviral drugs in the central nervous system (CNS) to optimize the treatment of Herpesviridae encephalitis.
Sources: PUBMED search 1950 to September 2024, terms (1) "encephalitis" and ("HSV" or "VZV" or "CMV") or (2) cerebrospinal and ("(val)acyclovir" or "(val)ganciclovir" or "foscarnet" or "cidofovir").
In vivo systemic evaluation of nasal drug absorption from powder formulations in rats.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm
February 2025
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8558, Japan.
Despite the potential benefits of nasal drug delivery, there is a need for a systematic evaluation of the efficacy of powder formulations adhering to the nasal mucosa. This study aims to establish a systematic evaluation method for nasal drug absorption from powder formulations. We selected three model compounds-antipyrine, griseofulvin, and acyclovir-and analyzed their pharmacokinetics following nasal administration of powder formulations under physiological conditions.
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