[The risk and prevention of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities in abdominal surgery].

According to the age, duration of the surgical procedure and risk factors the patients were divided into 3 groups: with a low, medial and high risk of the appearance of thrombosis of the profound veins (TPV). A test with 125I-fibrinogen was used in order to determine the frequency of this postoperative complication for each group, the frequency of lethal thromboembolism being counted on the basis of many years observations. Prophylactics of TPV was differential depending on the degree of risk of its appearance: nonspecific methods (elastic stockings, physical exercises for legs in bed) in the first group and specific (heparin in small doses, poly- and rheopolyglukin) in the 2nd and 3rd groups. An assessment of the efficiency of heparin prophylactics is given by a comparison of frequency of TPV in the control and investigation groups. The total number of patients operated upon in whom medicamentous methods of TPV prophylactics were used during 11 years (from 1984 till December 1994) was about 4 thousand. The frequency of clinical forms of thrombosis of the profound veins was decreased from 1 to 0.3%, lethal thromboembolism--from 0.26% (1980-1983) to 0.01% (1991-1994).