The response of immunocompetent cells of underyearling carps on different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 ml/l) of phospho-organic pesticide in water is described. Data on changes in the ultrastructural organization of immunocytes and their relationship with toxicant concentrations are given.
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Hemolymph enables communication between organs in insects and ensures necessary coordination and homeostasis. Its composition can provide important information about the physiological state of an insect and can have diagnostic significance, which might be particularly important in the case of harmful insects subjected to biological control. Linnaeus 1758 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a global pest to honey bee colonies.
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