Purpose: We studied a case of chronic papilledema in a 5-year-old child with visual loss who presented no obvious cosmetic abnormalities.
Methods: Neuroradiologic investigations were suggestive of craniosynostosis. The child underwent decompressive cranial surgery. Postoperatively, the papilledema totally regressed, and visual acuity recovered to 20/20 in both eyes.
Results: The chronic papilledema was confirmed to be related to harmonious oxycephaly.
Conclusion: Insidious craniosynostosis is an unusual cause of chronic papilledema in childhood. The papilledema may be resolved and visual loss prevented by surgery.
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