This study explored the variability of zidovudine concentrations with computer simulations and measured concentrations. A one-compartment oral absorption model was selected to characterize zidovudine disposition. Mean (+/-standard deviation) values for the pharmacokinetic parameters were taken from the literature. Five different Monte Carlo simulations (50 each) were performed of zidovudine concentrations following repetitive administration of 100-mg oral doses 6 times/day in patients weighing 45-85 kg. A sixth simulation considered a weight-adjusted regimen. Predicted concentrations were compared with those measured in 30 HIV-infected persons receiving 100 mg/dose. Predicted concentrations 1 hour after 100 mg was administered fell in the range of 0.52-5.18 microM; measured values in 30 patients were 0.54-3.07 microM. This study confirms substantial variability in zidovudine serum concentrations. The simulation study of a weight-adjusted regimen suggests one possibility to reduce this variability. These observations provide a basis to explore dosing strategies that control for pharmacokinetic and perhaps pharmacodynamic sources of interpatient variability.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Multi-modal transcriptomics: integrating machine learning and convolutional neural networks to identify immune biomarkers in atherosclerosis.
Front Cardiovasc Med
November 2024
School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Background: Atherosclerosis, a complex chronic vascular disorder with multifactorial etiology, stands as the primary culprit behind consequential cardiovascular events, imposing a substantial societal and economic burden. Nevertheless, our current understanding of its pathogenesis remains imprecise. In this investigation, our objective is to establish computational models elucidating molecular-level markers associated with atherosclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIncidence and Predictors of Major Adverse Drug Reactions Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children on Antiretroviral Treatment in West Amhara Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia: A Multicenter Retrospective Follow-up Study.
Clin Ther
February 2024
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Purpose: Major adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are the leading causes of poor adherence, switching of drugs, morbidity, and mortality. A limited studies was conducted to investigate major ADR in developing countries including Ethiopia, and the purpose of this study was to assess the incidence and predictors of major ADRs among HIV-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in West Amhara Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods: An institutional-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 460 children receiving ART from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2021.
Bone mineral density among children living with HIV failing first-line anti-retroviral therapy in Uganda: A sub-study of the CHAPAS-4 trial.
PLoS One
July 2023
Department of Paediatrics, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University Kampala, Kampala, Uganda.
Background: Children living with perinatally acquired HIV (CLWH) survive into adulthood on antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV, ART, and malnutrition can all lead to low bone mineral density (BMD). Few studies have described bone health among CLWH in Sub-Saharan Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecadal Assessment of Microplastics, Pharmaceuticals, and Pesticides as Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Kenya's Surface Waters: A Review.
Environ Toxicol Chem
October 2023
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
Studies investigating microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides as contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in surface water sources in Kenya are reviewed. Contaminants of emerging concern are chemicals that have recently been discovered that may pose a threat to the environment, aquatic life, and human life. Microplastics in surface waters range from 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurvival analysis and predictors of mortality among adult HIV/AIDS patients initiated antiretroviral therapy from 2010 to 2015 in Dubti General Hospital, Afar, Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study.
Heliyon
January 2023
Curative and Rehabilitative Department, Afar National Regional State Health Bureau, Afar, Ethiopia.
Background: Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is well accepted to increase survival of patients with HIV/AIDS, AIDS related deaths continue to be a major problem in sub-Saharan Africa like Ethiopia. Studies have showed variable findings in the survival status of patients with HIV/AIDS initiating ART, and there was no such study in the study area. Therefore, purpose of this study was to determine the survival and predictors of mortality among HIV/AIDS patients starting taking ART in Dubti General Hospital, Afar, Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!