Clinical efficacy of diagnostic radiology for mammographic examinations is critically dependent on source characteristics, detection efficiency, image resolution and applied high voltage. In this report we focus on means for evaluation of source-dependent issues including noninvasive determination of the applied high voltage, and characterization of intrinsic spectral distributions which in turn reflect the effects of added filtration and target and window contamination. It is shown that a particular form of x-ray curved crystal spectrometry with electronic imaging can serve to determine all relevant parameters within the confines of a standard clinical exposure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.597845 | DOI Listing |
Rev Sci Instrum
December 2024
Applied Physics Division, Soreq NRC, Yavne 81800, Israel.
We present a design and first use of a kJ level laser facility for research of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium atomic physics using the buried layer target method. The target design included a metal layer buried inside a plastic tamper with thicknesses tailored to the expected laser intensities. The target was illuminated from each side by two laser beams with intensities of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Łódź, Poland.
Photocyclization of 8-aryloxy-3-phenylbenzo[][1,2,4]triazines leads to π-delocalized helicene radicals 1[n] ( = 5, 6, 7) containing the ring-fused 1,4-dihydro[1,2,4]triazin-4-yl as a spin source. Single crystal XRD revealed that the photocyclization to 1[n] involves a Smiles rearrangement. Radicals 1[n] were investigated by spectroscopic, electrochemical and DFT methods, while racemic helicene 1[7] was resolved and ECD spectra were recorded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
November 2024
School of Civil Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China.
Self-oscillation is the phenomenon in which a system generates spontaneous, consistent periodic motion in response to a steady external stimulus, making it highly suitable for applications in soft robotics, motors, and mechatronic devices. In this paper, we present a self-oscillator based on liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fiber under constant voltage. The system primarily consists of an LCE-liquid metal (LCE-LM) composite fiber, a metal mass sphere, and a straight rod featuring both conductive and insulating segments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Condens Matter
November 2024
Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10/134, Wien, 1040, AUSTRIA.
The transition from planar (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) magnetic nanostructures represents a significant advancement in both fundamental research and practical applications, offering vast potential for next-generation technologies like ultrahigh-density storage, memory, logic, and neuromorphic computing. Despite being a relatively new field, the emergence of 3D nanomagnetism presents numerous opportunities for innovation, prompting the creation of a comprehensive roadmap by leading international researchers. This roadmap aims to facilitate collaboration and interdisciplinary dialogue to address challenges in materials science, physics, engineering, and computing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
SCARF1 (scavenger receptor class F member 1, SREC-1 or SR-F1) is a type I transmembrane protein that recognizes multiple endogenous and exogenous ligands such as modified low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and is important for maintaining homeostasis and immunity. But the structural information and the mechanisms of ligand recognition of SCARF1 are largely unavailable. Here, we solve the crystal structures of the N-terminal fragments of human SCARF1, which show that SCARF1 forms homodimers and its epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains adopt a long-curved conformation.
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