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Urinary pentosidine as a potential biomarker of impaired bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Diabetes Metab Disord
June 2025
Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Urinary pentosidine, a biomarker for advanced glycation, is linked to poor bone health, particularly in older adults and individuals with diabetes, suggesting its potential role in assessing fracture risk and bone mineral density (BMD).
- The study analyzed data from 12 studies with 5,878 participants, revealing that patients with fractures had significantly higher urinary pentosidine levels compared to those without, along with an association between elevated levels and increased fracture risk and reduced BMD.
- However, some findings were inconsistent, especially in non-diabetic populations, and the accuracy of urinary pentosidine as a diagnostic tool for vertebral fractures in type 2 diabetes patients had moderate sensitivity (71.9%) and specificity (61.
Pharmacological Activities of Roscoe: Inhibition of HSA Protein Glycation, Structure Stability and Function Restoration.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Biochemistry, King George Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India.
Article Synopsis
- Controlled glycation of proteins can lead to harmful compounds called AGEs, especially when blood glucose levels are high, prompting research into natural protective agents like ginger extract.
- In experiments, human serum albumin (HSA) was treated with glucose alone or with ginger extract, revealing ginger's ability to inhibit glycation and reduce harmful modifications to the protein over ten weeks.
- The study concluded that ginger extract has antioxidant properties and can prevent the biochemical and structural changes associated with glycation in HSA, suggesting its potential use in managing health issues related to diabetes and other diseases.
Long-duration type 1 diabetes is associated with deficient cortical bone mechanical behavior and altered matrix composition in human femoral bone.
J Bone Miner Res
December 2024
Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increased risk of hip fracture beyond what can be explained by reduced bone mineral density, possibly due to changes in bone material from accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and altered matrix composition, though data from human cortical bone in T1D are limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate cortical bone material behavior in T1D by examining specimens from cadaveric femora from older adults with long-duration T1D (≥50 yr; n = 20) and age- and sex-matched nondiabetic controls (n = 14). Cortical bone was assessed by mechanical testing (4-point bending, cyclic reference point indentation, impact microindentation), AGE quantification [total fluorescent AGEs, pentosidine, carboxymethyl lysine (CML)], and matrix composition via Raman spectroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibitory Effects of Aqueous Ethanol Extracts of Poplar-Type Propolis on Advanced Glycation End Products and Protein Oxidation.
Foods
September 2024
Key Laboratory of Bee Products for Quality and Safety Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China.
(1) Background: The non-enzymatic glycation of proteins is a significant contributor to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and intermediates that are responsible for diabetic complications. It is imperative to explore effective inhibitors to prevent protein glycation. (2) Methods: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory potential of various aqueous ethanol extracts of poplar-type propolis on AGEs and oxidative modifications in bovine serum albumin (BSA)-glucose and BSA-methylglyoxal models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnzymatic and Non-enzymatic Collagen Cross-Links and Fracture Occurrence in Type 1 Diabetes Patients.
Calcif Tissue Int
September 2024
Osteoporosis Research Center, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.
Increased fracture risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients is not fully captured by bone mineral density (BMD) by DXA. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been implicated in the increased fracture risk in T1D, yet recent publications question this. To test the hypothesis that enzymatic collagen cross-links rather than AGEs correlate with fracture incidence in T1D, we analyzed iliac crest biopsies from sex-matched, fracturing T1D patients (N = 5; T1DFx), 6 non-fracturing T1D patients (T1DNoFx), and 6 healthy subjects, by Raman microspectroscopy as a function of tissue age (based on double fluorescent labels), in intracortical and trabecular bone, to determine pyridinoline (Pyd), ε-N-Carboxymethyl-L-lysine, and pentosidine (PEN)).
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