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The effect of acetylcysteine on the prothrombin time and international normalized ratio: a narrative review.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Introduction: Patients poisoned with paracetamol are treated with acetylcysteine. In patients without hepatocellular injury, an increased prothrombin time or international normalized ratio has been observed during acetylcysteine administration. The international normalized ratio is preferred as it is a standardized calculation of prothrombin time independent of reagents and machinery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurvival Analysis of Liver Transplants in Patients with Acute Liver Failure from Acetaminophen and Mushroom Toxicity.
Ann Transplant
January 2025
Department of General Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) remains a critical concern, accounting for about 8% of all liver transplants, with acetaminophen overdose contributing to nearly half of these cases. Besides synthetic toxins, natural toxins such as phallotoxin from Amanita phalloides mushrooms also lead to severe hepatocyte damage. This study investigates the outcomes of liver transplantation (LT) as a life-saving intervention in patients suffering from ALF due to acetaminophen and Amanita phalloides poisoning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Acute Drug Intoxications: A Retrospective Analysis.
Children (Basel)
December 2024
County Hospital Craiova, Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Discipline of Anatomy, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
Background/objectives: Acute drug intoxications (ADIs) are a significant concern in pediatric healthcare, contributing to both accidental and intentional morbidity. This study aimed to analyze the demographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric ADI cases to identify trends and inform preventive strategies.
Methods: This retrospective study included 120 cases of pediatric ADI admitted to the Second Pediatric Clinic of Craiova County Emergency Clinical Hospital in 2022 and 2023.
RNase T2 deficiency promotes TLR13-dependent replenishment of tissue-protective Kupffer cells.
J Exp Med
March 2025
Division of Innate Immunity, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan.
Lysosomal stress due to the accumulation of nucleic acids (NAs) activates endosomal TLRs in macrophages. Here, we show that lysosomal RNA stress, caused by the lack of RNase T2, induces macrophage accumulation in multiple organs such as the spleen and liver through TLR13 activation by microbiota-derived ribosomal RNAs. TLR13 triggered emergency myelopoiesis, increasing the number of myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow and spleen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAkkermansia muciniphila Mediated the Preventive Effect of Disulfiram on Acute Liver Injury via PI3K/Akt Pathway.
Microb Biotechnol
January 2025
Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing, China.
Acetaminophen induced acute liver injury (ALI) has a high incidence and is a serious medical problem, but there is a lack of effective treatment. The enterohepatic axis is one of the targets of recent attention due to its important role in liver diseases. Disulfiram (DSF) is a multitarget drug that has been proven to play a role in a variety of liver diseases and can affect intestinal flora, but whether it can alleviate ALI is not clear.
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