Epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies have established a strong correlation between plasma levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and risk of coronary heart disease. LDL particles are composed of a core of cholesterol ester surrounded by a large apolipoprotein designated apoB-100.
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Effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on major cardiac adverse events and lipoprotein-a in patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis.
Coron Artery Dis
December 2024
Department of the Second Clinic, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its unique apo(a) component and its association with atherosclerosis and thrombogenesis. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and Lp(a) levels in patients with coronary heart disease.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were systematically searched in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and other databases.
Association of Lipoprotein(a) With Changes in Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients Treated With Alirocumab.
Circ Cardiovasc Imaging
November 2024
Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital (K.C.K., J.H., Y.U., T.O., H.S., R.K., F.P., M.A., J. Lanz, S.W., L.R.), University of Bern, Switzerland.
Background: Elevated Lp(a) (lipoprotein[a]) is a risk marker for atherosclerotic disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We examined the association of Lp(a) with changes in coronary atherosclerosis following intensive lipid-lowering therapy.
Methods: In the PACMAN-AMI trial (Effects of the PCSK9 Antibody Alirocumab on Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction), 300 patients with acute myocardial infarction were randomized to receive biweekly alirocumab 150 mg or placebo in addition to high-intensity statins.
Efficacy and Safety of Evolocumab and Alirocumab as PCSK9 Inhibitors in Pediatric Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Medicina (Kaunas)
October 2024
Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Article Synopsis
- PCSK9 inhibitors, evolocumab and alirocumab, show promise in treating familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in pediatric patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- The analysis included 14 articles and found that these drugs significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and other lipid markers, particularly in patients with heterozygous FH.
- Overall, the medications were well tolerated in children, highlighting their potential for safe use in managing lipid levels compared to prior studies in adults.
Does Adopting Western Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Targets Expose Indians to a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Events? Expert Opinion From the Lipid Association of India.
J Assoc Physicians India
October 2024
Professor and Director, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California, United States.
Adverse cardiovascular (CV) events have declined in Western countries due at least in part to aggressive risk factor control, including dyslipidemia management. The American and European (Western) dyslipidemia treatment guidelines have contributed significantly to the reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) incidence in the respective populations. However, their direct extrapolation to Indian patients does not seem appropriate for the reasons described below.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanopore sequencing with unique molecular identifiers enables accurate mutation analysis and haplotyping in the complex lipoprotein(a) KIV-2 VNTR.
Genome Med
October 2024
Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focuses on the LPA kringle IV type-2 (KIV-2) VNTR, a repetitive genomic region that is crucial for understanding plasma lipoprotein(a) levels, which are linked to cardiovascular risks and vary between individuals and populations.
- - Researchers utilized a new method called UMI-ONT-Seq for sequencing, which allowed them to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), map haplotypes, and quantify VNTR units in the KIV-2 region across various human samples.
- - Results showed that UMI-ONT-Seq effectively identified KIV-2 SNPs at very low levels with high accuracy, and the repeat number of KIV-2 units matched well
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