An unselected cohort of 285 stroke patients, median age 69 years, was studied for correlation between potential risk factors and the one-year incidence of post-stroke depression (PSD). The following factors correlated significantly to PSD a history of previous stroke, a history of previous depression, female gender, living alone and social distress pre-stroke. Further, social inactivity, decrease in social activity, pathological crying and intellectual impairment at one month but not functional outcome correlated to PSD. A multivariate regression analysis showed that intellectual impairment explained 42% of the variance of the mood score. Major depression was unrelated to lesion location. We conclude the etiology of PSD is a complex mixture of pre-stroke personal and social factors and stroke-induced social, emotional and intellectual handicap.
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