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From Structure to Function: How Prebiotic Diversity Shapes Gut Integrity and Immune Balance.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil.
The microbiota stability, diversity, and composition are pillars for an efficient and beneficial symbiotic relationship between its host and itself. Microbial dysbiosis, a condition where a homeostatic bacterial community is disturbed by acute or chronic events, is a predisposition for many diseases, including local and systemic inflammation that leads to metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and some types of cancers. Classical dysbiosis occurs in the large intestine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiological and Chemical Processes of Nitrate Reduction and Ferrous Oxidation Mediated by MR-1.
Microorganisms
November 2024
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, China.
Iron, Earth's most abundant redox-active metal, undergoes both abiotic and microbial redox reactions that regulate the formation, transformation, and dissolution of iron minerals. The electron transfer between ferrous iron (Fe(II)) and ferric iron (Fe(III)) is critical for mineral dynamics, pollutant remediation, and global biogeochemical cycling. Bacteria play a significant role, especially in anaerobic Fe(II) oxidation, contributing to Fe(III) mineral formation in oxygen-depleted environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRemote Ischemic Post-Conditioning (RIC) Mediates Anti-Inflammatory Signaling via Myeloid AMPKα1 in Murine Traumatic Optic Neuropathy (TON).
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center (SJHMC), Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.
Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) has been regarded a vision-threatening condition caused by either ocular or blunt/penetrating head trauma, which is characterized by direct or indirect TON. Injury happens during sports, vehicle accidents and mainly in military war and combat exposure. Earlier, we have demonstrated that remote ischemic post-conditioning (RIC) therapy is protective in TON, and here we report that AMPKα1 activation is crucial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Finnic Peoples of Russia: Genetic Structure Inferred from Genome-Wide and Y-Chromosome Data.
Genes (Basel)
December 2024
Dipartimento di Scienze Linguistiche e Letterature Straniere, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 1, 20123 Milan, Italy.
Eastern Finnic populations, including Karelians, Veps, Votes, Ingrians, and Ingrian Finns, are a significant component of the history of Finnic populations, which have developed over ~3 kya. Yet, these groups remain understudied from a genetic point of view. In this work, we explore the gene pools of Karelians (Northern, Tver, Ludic, and Livvi), Veps, Ingrians, Votes, and Ingrian Finns using Y-chromosome markers (N = 357) and genome-wide autosomes (N = 67) and in comparison with selected Russians populations of the area (N = 763).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA taxonomy of the factors contributing to the overtreatment of cancer patients at the end of life. What is the problem? Why does it happen? How can it be addressed?
ESMO Open
January 2025
Office of Quality and Value, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
Many patients with cancer approaching the end of life (EOL) continue to receive treatments that are unlikely to provide meaningful clinical benefit, potentially causing more harm than good. This is called overtreatment at the EOL. Overtreatment harms patients by causing side-effects, increasing health care costs, delaying important discussions about and preparation for EOL care, and occasionally accelerating death.
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