AI Article Synopsis
- Toad skins in chloride-containing environments absorb large amounts of chloride ions, while in chloride-free environments, they release very few ions.
- This selective movement of chloride ions preserves sodium chloride (NaCl) for the toads, which usually live in low NaCl surroundings.
- Once chloride ions are absorbed, they cannot escape back into the external environment, acting as a one-way valve that helps maintain necessary sodium levels.
Article Abstract
Short-circuited toad skins exposed to chloride-containing Ringer's on the outer side exhibit a large inward chloride flux. Conversely, toad skins exposed to nominally chloride-free Ringer's externally and chloride Ringer's internally manifest a very low chloride outflux. This chloride-dependent rectification of chloride flux serves to conserve NaCl transported from low NaCl concentration outer solutions to which amphibians are normally exposed. Once chloride is transported inwardly it cannot return to the outer solution, with chloride rectification acting as a check-valve for transported NaCl.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(95)02089-6 | DOI Listing |
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