Background/aims: This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of reduced plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine in cirrhosis.
Methods: Cirrhosis was induced by intragastric administration of 36 doses of carbon tetrachloride in olive oil over a period of 12 weeks. Rats treated with oil alone served as controls. The rates of leucine turnover, clearance, oxidation and incorporation into proteins were evaluated using [1-14C]leucine, [4,5-3H]leucine and alpha-keto[1-14C]isocaproate 3 days after the last intragastric treatment in vivo and in the isolated perfused liver.
Results: In animals with cirrhosis we observed a profound fall in plasma branched-chain amino acid levels and significant decreases in leucine turnover, oxidation and incorporation into tissue proteins. A more pronounced fall in leucine incorporation in proteins resulted in a significant increase in the oxidized leucine fraction in rats with cirrhosis as compared to controls. Leucine clearance was higher in the cirrhosis group. Concomitant to the fall of whole body leucine turnover, decreases of leucine incorporation into protein and of ketoisocaproic acid decarboxylation were observed in the isolated perfused liver of rats with cirrhosis. However, leucine oxidation was increased compared with control rats.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that the predominant mechanism of the decrease in plasma leucine levels in rats with cirrhosis is an increase in the oxidized leucine fraction associated with a decrease in leucine turnover. An increase in leucine oxidation in the cirrhotic liver is one of the mechanisms involved.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8278(96)80031-6 | DOI Listing |
ESC Heart Fail
January 2025
School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, China.
Purpose: Vericiguat, a soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator, has been demonstrated effective in improving prognosis of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, there are limited data concerning the effect of vericiguat in patients with doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC). In this study, we investigated the effects of vericiguat on cardiac structure and function in rats with DIC as well as their potential mechanisms of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFolia Morphol (Warsz)
January 2025
Department of Anatomy, Kasr El-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Egypt.
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), significantly contributes to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Despite conventional treatments aimed at slowing disease progression, there is a pressing need for novel therapies. This study evaluates the potential therapeutic impact of adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on early diabetic nephrotoxicity in a rat model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
Since abdominal adhesion are quite problematic in abdominal and pelvic surgery, the conventional HA/CMC film are commonly used as an anti-adhesive material. However, such types are difficult to be rolled and delivered through the port of laparoscopic surgical devices due to adherence to the laparoscopic port or other parts of the films. To create an anti-adhesion film with more favorable handling properties and anti-adhesive effect, we developed a novel punctate uneven gelatin film (PU GF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Low Extrem Wounds
January 2025
Laser Physics Department, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq.
The utilization of zinc oxide nanoparticles is thought to augment wound healing because of their antibacterial characteristics and capacity to stimulate cellular regeneration, especially in instances of minor burn injuries. On the other hand, it has been shown that tissue regeneration is aided by low-power laser therapy via photobiomodulation. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and low-power laser therapy are the two therapeutic modalities that will be compared in this study in order to assess how well they promote healing after burn injury and provide important new information on improved wound care techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTissue Cell
January 2025
Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 1 Alek Manukyan St, Yerevan 0025, Armenia; Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 1 Alek Manukyan St, Yerevan 0025, Armenia. Electronic address:
High altitude characterized by the low partial pressure of the oxygen is a life-threatening condition that contributes to the development of acute pulmonary edema and hypoxic lung injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the contribution of some inflammatory and oxidative stress markers along with antioxidant system enzymes in the pathogenesis of HAPE (high-altitude pulmonary edema) formation. We incorporated the study on 42 male rats to unravel the role of mast cells (MCs) and TNF-α in the lung after the effect of acute hypobaric hypoxia.
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