This paper reviews the history and character of these research requirements, with special emphasis on questions concerning the role of industry in sponsored research. This discussion is becoming more vigorous with each passing year as private investment in research assumes greater importance in the scientific enterprise. I concentrate on issues of industry-supported human use that are on the "cutting edge" of contemporary biomedical ethics. Of special interest are questions about the disclosure of financial arrangements between industry and investigators, such as the nature and amount of capitated remuneration.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07315724.1996.10720474 | DOI Listing |
J Endocr Soc
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
In the last 10 years the field of prenatal diagnosis has been significantly reshaped followed by the implementation of noninvasive prenatal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing methodologies in clinical practice. Based on a superior performance and higher sensitivity and specificity than the former practice of biochemical markers screening, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics recommend noninvasive prenatal cfDNA screening for trisomy 21, 18, 13, and sex chromosome aneuploidy to all pregnant people. While cfDNA screening is helpful in risk assessment for the most common autosomal trisomies, cfDNA also provides information about fetal sex chromosomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFScand J Prim Health Care
January 2025
Primary Health Care Centre Ekholmen, Linköping and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Background And Aims: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and hazardous alcohol use are common but underdiagnosed in primary health care (PHC). This study aimed to explore general practitioners' (GPs') experiences and perceptions of using B-Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a specific quantitative biomarker for alcohol use, in their clinical work with patient consultations and treatment follow-up in Swedish PHC.
Design, Participants, And Setting: Individual interviews were conducted with GPs and resident GPs (n 20) in Swedish PHC and analysed using qualitative content analysis.
Toxicol Pathol
January 2025
Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Nonhuman primates (NHPs) have been and remain a highly valuable animal model with an essential role in translational research and pharmaceutical drug development. Based on current regulatory guidelines, the nonclinical safety of novel therapeutics should be evaluated in relevant nonclinical species, which commonly includes NHPs for biotherapeutics. Given the practical and ethical limitations on availability and/or use of NHPs and in line with the widely accepted guiding "3Rs" (replace, reduce, and refine) principles, many approaches have been considered to optimize toxicity study designs to meaningfully reduce the number of NHPs used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosurg Anesthesiol
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia.
This focused review explores the current literature on anesthetic care of pregnant patients requiring intracranial intervention. Neuropathology in pregnancy is rare, and existing evidence for management remains limited by the ethical complexities surrounding maternal and fetal research-related risks; pregnant women are typically excluded from randomized controlled trials. Physiological changes during pregnancy, combined with additional fetal considerations, alter pharmacodynamics and complicate the safety profile of maternal interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health
January 2025
Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: Primary school students struggling with mental health are less likely than high school students to access mental health care, due to barriers such as mental health stigma and low mental health literacy among children and parents. The near universal reach of schools offers a potential avenue to increase access to mental health care through early identification. The potential risks of this approach also need to be understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!