An implantable multiprogrammable microstimulator that is intended to restore normal bladder functions (retention and incontinence) to spinal cord injured patients is presented. The implantable microstimulator circuitry is externally controlled and is powered by a single encoded radio frequency carrier and has four bipolar (eight monopolar) independently controlled channels. It offers a higher degree of reprogrammability and flexibility and can be used in any neuromuscular applications. The implant system is adaptable to the patient's needs and to future developments in stimulation algorithms, without changing the implant. Features of the microstimulator include its capabilities to generate a wide range of waveforms and to combine up to four different programmable frequencies in each wave train. By using a forward error detection and correction communication protocol, the reliability of the implant is increased. The chip has been designed for structural testability by means of a scan-based test approach and uses circuit techniques to reduce power consumption and ensure long-term stability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02637016 | DOI Listing |
Heart Lung Circ
February 2021
Department of Cardiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and the Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Electronic address:
Programmability is a stable, reversible change in the operating parameters of a cardiac implantable electronic device. The era of non-invasive programming began in 1972, with the development of a dedicated hand-held battery-operated device. Prior to this, there had been crude attempts, involving invasive procedures or a magnet, to change the pacemaker operating parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerz
September 2020
Department of Cardiology, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain und Am Urban, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Pacemaker (PM) technology has developed tremendously in recent decades. We evaluated the extent of individual programming in current PMs.
Methods: Over a 7-month period in 2016, all deceased persons taken to the Rostock crematorium were prospectively screened for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) and these were interrogated in situ.
Int J Audiol
March 2018
a Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Section Ear & Hearing , and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam , The Netherlands and.
Objectives: To review literature on the use of manual and automatically switching multimemory devices by hearing aid and CI recipients, and to investigate if recipients appreciate and adequately use the ability to switch between programmes in various listening environments.
Design: Literature was searched using PubMed, Embase and ISI/Web of Science. Additional studies were identified by screening reference and citation lists, and by contacting experts.
Brain Nerve
November 2012
Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinijuku-ku, Japan.
Different surgical procedures are available for the treatment of many neuropathic pain syndromes. These surgical procedures can be divided into 2 main sections: non-destructive and destructive procedures. In recent years, the non-destructive neurostimulation method has undergone rapid development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiol J
March 2013
Cardiac Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain.
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of the use of a quadripolar left ventricular (LV) lead for cardiac resynchronization therapy and to compare its acute and mid-term outcomes with those obtained with bipolar leads. Cardiac resynchronization exhibits a high incidence of problems involving the LV lead when conventional leads are used, and these problems may be minimized by using multipolar leads.
Methods: We gathered clinical, implant, and follow-up data at 3 and 9 months from 21 consecutive patients in whom a quadripolar (Group Q) or bipolar (Group B) lead was used for a biventricular defibrillator implant.
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