Pseudoepidemics of heroin addiction.

Drug Alcohol Depend

Published: July 1977

Smooth unimodal skewed distributions, sometimes referred to as "epidemic-like" curves, are often used as evidence of time to time changes in incidence. Data on year of onset from groups of treated heroin addicts are generally alleged to reflect incidence, and this distribution is used to evaluate effectiveness and predict future needs. This paper describes the development of simple demographic models which demonstrate the production of epidemic-like curves without changes in incidence, ascertainment or duration of disorder. These graphic models are relevant to other non-infectious disorders where there is continuing exposure to the etiologic agents and where intervals between onset and ascertainment are not uniformly distributed.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-8716(77)90001-1DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

changes incidence
8
pseudoepidemics heroin
4
heroin addiction
4
addiction smooth
4
smooth unimodal
4
unimodal skewed
4
skewed distributions
4
distributions referred
4
referred "epidemic-like"
4
"epidemic-like" curves
4

Similar Publications

Study Objectives: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in cancer survivors. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) can improve fatigue, but mechanisms are unclear. This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial evaluated whether CBT-I led to a significant improvement in fatigue, accounting for change in comorbid symptoms of insomnia, perceived cognitive impairment (PCI), anxiety, and depression.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Impact of hemoadsorption with CytoSorb® on meropenem and piperacillin exposure in critically ill patients in a post-CKRT setup: a single-center, retrospective data analysis.

Intensive Care Med Exp

January 2025

Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.

Purpose: CytoSorb® (CS) adsorbent is a hemoadsorption filter for extracorporeal blood purification often integrated into continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT). It is primarily used in critically ill patients with sepsis and related conditions, including cytokine storms and systemic inflammatory responses. Up to now, there is no evidence nor recommendation for the use of CS filters in sepsis (22).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Minimally invasive parafascicular surgery (MIPS) with the use of tubular retractors achieve a safe resection in deep seated tumours. Diffusion changes noted on postoperative imaging; the significance and clinical correlation of this remains poorly understood. Single centre retrospective cohort study of neuro-oncology patients undergoing MIPS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A wealth of research focused on African American populations has connected rs2814778-CC ("Duffy-null") to decreased neutrophil (neutropenia) and leukocyte counts (leukopenia). While it has been proposed that this variant is benign, prior studies have shown that the misinterpretation of Duffy-null associated neutropenia and leukopenia can lead to unnecessary bone marrow biopsies, inequities in cytotoxic and chemotherapeutic treatment courses, under-enrollment in clinical trials, and other disparities. To investigate the phenotypic correlates of Duffy-null status, we conducted a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) across more than 1,400 clinical conditions in All of Us, the Vanderbilt University Medical Center's Biobank, and the Million Veteran Program.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pre-cancer onset of cachexia raises uncertainties regarding the optimal timing for early intervention in lung cancer patients. We aimed to examine changes in physical function, nutritional status, and cachexia incidence in patients with lung cancer from the initial visit to treatment initiation and determine the effect of these changes on lung cancer treatment.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study enrolled patients suspected of having advanced lung cancer who visited Kansai Medical University Hospital between January and February 2023 and were definitely diagnosed with the disease.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!