Release of some cytosolic (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase) and brush border (gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase) enzymes from renal cortical slices was studied in vitro. Renal cortical slices were prepared freehand from 3-month-old male and female Wistar rats of different hormonal status. Some male and female rats were castrated at 1 month of age and a portion of castrated males and of naive males and females were s.c. treated with testosterone (10 mg kg-1 body wt.) on alternate days for 3 weeks. Females had higher alanine aminotransferase (77.5 +/- 2.8 nmol 100 mg-1 tissue), lactate dehydrogenase (5.01 +/- 0.24 mumol) and alkaline phosphatase (1.63 +/- 0.15 mol) activities than male rats (20.4 +/- 0.9, 3.99 +/- 0.19 and 0.91 +/- 0.02, respectively). On the contrary, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase were similar. Among cytosolic enzymes, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase appeared to be sexual hormone-dependent enzymes: castration significantly increased enzyme activities in males (49.6 +/- 1.1 for the former; 5.30 +/- 0.15 for the latter) and caused significant decreases in females (alanine aminotransferase only 47.1 +/- 1.5), whereas testosterone pretreatment decreased activities in cortical slices from female (48.1 +/- 3.6 and 3.81 +/- 0.07, respectively) and castrated male (27.4 +/- 1.8 and 4.05 +/- 0.15, respectively). Moreover, exogenous testosterone increased aspartate aminotransferase in males (1.05 +/- 0.01 mumol) and castration increased it in both sexes. The activity of brush border enzymes was increased by testosterone pretreatment and decreased by castration (mainly alkaline phosphatase).
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1263(199605)16:3<255::AID-JAT341>3.0.CO;2-P | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Time series segmentation for recognition of epileptiform patterns recorded via microelectrode arrays in vitro.
PLoS One
January 2025
Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (IMSE-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder that affects approximately 1% of the global population. Approximately 30-40% of patients respond poorly to antiepileptic medications, leading to a significant negative impact on their quality of life. Closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment for individuals who do not respond to medical therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChronic Rapamycin Prevents Electrophysiological and Morphological Alterations Produced by Conditional Pten Deletion in Mouse Cortex.
Cells
January 2025
IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Abnormalities in the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway have been implicated in numerous developmental brain disorders. While the molecular and histological abnormalities have been described, less is known about alterations in membrane and synaptic excitability with chronic changes in the mTOR pathway. In the present study, we used a conditional mouse model with a deletion of the phosphatase and tensin homologue (Pten, a negative regulator of mTOR) from cortical pyramidal neurons (CPNs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatiotemporal network dynamics and structural correlates in the human cerebral cortex in vitro.
Prog Neurobiol
January 2025
Institute of Biomedical Investigations August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Systems Neuroscience, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
Elucidating human cerebral cortex function is essential for understanding the physiological basis of both healthy and pathological brain states. We obtained extracellular local field potential recordings from cortical slices of neocortical tissue from refractory epilepsy patients. Multi-electrode recordings were combined with histological information, providing a two-dimensional spatiotemporal characterization of human cortical dynamics in control conditions and following modulation of the excitation/inhibition balance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethionine Sulfoximine as a Tool for Studying Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Initiator, Developer, Attenuator.
Neurochem Res
January 2025
Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
Methionine sulfoximine (MSO) is a compound originally discovered as a byproduct of agene-based milled flour maturation. MSO irreversibly inhibits the astrocytic enzyme glutamine synthase (GS) but also interferes with the transport of glutamine (Gln) and of glutamate (Glu), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) synthesized within the Glu/Gln-GABA cycle, in this way dysregulating neurotransmission balance in favor of excitation. No wonder that intraperitoneal administration of MSO has long been known to induce behavioral and/or electrographic seizures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAction of GABAB receptor on local network oscillation in somatosensory cortex of oral part: focusing on NMDA receptor.
J Physiol Sci
January 2025
Department of Molecular Oral Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, 770-8504, Tokushima, Japan. Electronic address:
The balance of activity between glutamatergic and GABAergic networks is particularly important for oscillatory neural activities in the brain. Here, we investigated the roles of GABA receptors in network oscillation in the oral somatosensory cortex (OSC), focusing on NMDA receptors. Neural oscillation at the frequency of 8-10 Hz was elicited in rat brain slices after caffeine application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!