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Effects of thiazides and new findings on kidney stones and dysglycemic side effects.
Acta Physiol (Oxf)
July 2024
Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics (thiazides) belong to the most frequently prescribed drugs worldwide. By virtue of their natriuretic and vasodilating properties, thiazides effectively lower blood pressure and prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes. In addition, through their unique characteristic of reducing urine calcium, thiazides are also widely employed for the prevention of kidney stone recurrence and reduction of bone fracture risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic Determinants of Thiazide-Induced Hyperuricemia, Hyperglycemia, and Urinary Electrolyte Disturbances - A Genome-Wide Evaluation of the UK Biobank.
Clin Pharmacol Ther
June 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Thiazide diuretics, widely used in hypertension, cause a variety of adverse reactions, including hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, and electrolyte abnormalities. In this study, we aimed to identify genetic variants that interact with thiazide-use to increase the risk of these adverse reactions. Using UK Biobank data, we first performed genomewide variance quantitative trait locus (vQTL) analysis of ~ 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThiazides Attenuate Insulin Secretion Through Inhibition of Mitochondrial Carbonic Anhydrase 5b in β -Islet Cells in Mice.
J Am Soc Nephrol
July 2023
Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Significance Statement: Thiazide diuretics (thiazides) are among the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide, but their use is associated with glucose intolerance and new-onset diabetes mellitus. The molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Our study reveals that thiazides attenuate insulin secretion through inhibition of the mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase isoform 5b (CA5b) in pancreatic β cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Wide Association Study Identifies the Locus to be Associated With Chlorthalidone Induced Glucose Increase in Hypertensive Patients.
J Am Heart Assoc
March 2018
Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Background: Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics are first-line medications for treating uncomplicated hypertension. However, their use has been associated with adverse metabolic events, including hyperglycemia and incident diabetes mellitus, with incompletely understood mechanisms. Our goal was to identify genomic variants associated with thiazide-like diuretic/chlorthalidone-induced glucose change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanisms for blood pressure lowering and metabolic effects of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics.
Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther
June 2010
Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610-0486, USA.
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics are among the most commonly used antihypertensives and have been available for over 50 years. However, the mechanism by which these drugs chronically lower blood pressure is poorly understood. Possible mechanisms include direct endothelial- or vascular smooth muscle-mediated vasodilation and indirect compensation to acute decreases in cardiac output.
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