Experimental tumors contain a significant fraction of microregions that are chronically or transiently hypoxic. Experimental evidence showing that hypoxia (and subsequent reoxygenation) may have a profound impact on malignant progression and on responsiveness to therapy is growing. The clinical relevance of tumor oxygenation in human solid malignancies is under investigation. We have developed and validated a clinically applicable method for measurement of tumor oxygenation in locally advanced cancer of the uterine cervix using a computerized polarographic electrode system. Applying this procedure in patients with cervical cancers = 3 cm in diameter, who gave informed consent, we have been studying the clinical relevance of tumor oxygenation prospectively since 1989. As of June 1995, 103 patients with advanced cancers of the uterine cervix [Federation Internationale des Gynaecologistes et Obstetristes (FIGO) stages Ib, bulky (n = 13), IIa and IIb (n = 51), IIIa and IIIb (n = 34), and IVa and IVb (n = 5)] had entered the study. Fifty % of the patients had carcinomas with median pO2 readings <10 mm Hg, referred to as hypoxic tumors. Tumor oxygenation was found to be independent of various patient demographics and also of pretreatment tumor characteristics, such as clinical tumor stage and size, histological type, and differentiation. However, histopathological examination of the surgical specimens following radical tumor resection in 47 patients showed that low-pO2 tumors exhibited larger tumor extensions and more frequent (occult) parametrial spread, as well as lymph-vascular space involvement, compared to well-oxygenated tumors of similar clinical stage and size. Forty-two patients completing primary radiation therapy and 47 patients who underwent radical surgery were analyzed for treatment outcome after a median observation period of 28 months (range, 3-76 months). Patients with hypoxic tumors had significantly worse disease-free and overall survival probabilities compared to patients with nonhypoxic tumors. Cox regression analysis identified tumor oxygenation and FIGO stage as the most important independent prognostic factors. The poorer outcome of the patients with hypoxic tumors was mainly due to locoregional failures with and without distant metastases, irrespective of whether surgery or radiation was applied as primary treatment. Tumor oxygenation as measured with a standardized polarographic method proved to be a powerful new pretherapeutic prognostic parameter providing important information on malignant progression in terms of extracervical tumor spread and radioresistance in advanced cervical cancers.
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A 73-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of intermittent right-sided chest pain, cough, and progressive dyspnea on exertion. He reported subjective weight loss and anorexia with early satiety over the preceding months. He denied any fevers, night sweats, or sick contacts.
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Department of Medicine, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, Hunan Province 415000, China.
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Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier science and technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. Electronic address:
Mitochondrial malfunction is traditionally viewed as a major factor in tumor growth and malignancy, while recent studies have introduced conflicting views suggesting the necessity of functional mitochondria for tumor growth. Despite these differing perspectives, the specific role of mitochondria in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) remains poorly understood. In this study, we observed increased mitochondrial abundance and function during the development of cSCC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Lett
March 2025
School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China; Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. Electronic address:
The biliary system is crucial for liver function, regulating bile production, secretion, and transport. Dysfunctions within this system can lead to various diseases, such as cholangiopathies and biliary fibrosis, which may progress from benign to malignant states like cholangiocarcinoma. While liver organoid research is well-established and technologically advanced, bile duct organoids (BDOs) offer significant potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGan To Kagaku Ryoho
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Dept. of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University.
Drug therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma has made remarkable progress in recent years, and surgical resection of tumors that respond well to drug therapy has been performed in some cases. We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatopulmonary metastases that was successfully treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and surgically resected. The patient was a 56-year-old man who underwent a posterior segmentectomy and was diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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